New hole ox "three dry" osteoporosis techniques
-dang songqing
The citrus farm in samingo, fujian province, started growing in 1971 and has gradually become the leading industry in the gita farm, where the main source of income for farm workers is the citrus industry. Since 2000, key cutting techniques to address high-quality and efficient production and production have become imperative, with the introduction of the new hole ox (hereinafter referred to as " oxyx " ) seeding and the rising cost of hiring. Omnicorn's “three dry branches” refers to the integrative trimming of one backbone, three branches, designed to produce compact, solid skeletons and tree crowns with robust production and stereogenic results, to promote acoustic radiance in tree crowns and to reduce pests and pests; and to reduce the costs of cutting, without support or chords, to reduce the use of spray pesticides, improve their efficacy and increase the rate of quality fruit. The author conducted a “three dry” cutting demonstration of the umbilical oranges, with notable results. The experiment park is located in the quilaya and covers an area of 7. 67 hm2 and covers hill slopes, red and yellow soil, length of 3 m x 3 m in length, tree age 1 ~ 15 a, tree size is good, tree tops are low and pests are low. Adult trees with “three dry” integration were about 2. 5 m tall, and canopy diameter 2. 8 m, with an average single production of 55. 0 kg and a high-quality fruit rate of 88 per cent in 2022; compared with the average single production of 50. 5 kg and a high-quality fruit rate of 83 per cent in comparison with conventional trimester trees; and the production and rate of high-quality fruit increased by 8 per cent and 5 percentage points, respectively。
1 teenage tree plastics and trims
The early age tree of the umbilical orange is the specified period from planting to the initial result, the main task of which is to develop the “three dry” tree and expand the tree crown。
1. 1 routine (first pillar)
Set 1a pre-dry, usually at heights above 40 cm, from the ground to the first branch of the trunk, and then cut to dry at a height of about 60 cm. The main stem is short, the tree canopy is fast, and the trunk is high, the tree canopy is tall and the production is late. At the same time, at the primary height of 40-60 cm, it is a plastic belt, boosting different directions and nurturing the main branch。
1. 2 the main branch (triple branch)
Three new branches are selected in the main dry plastic belt to form the main branch, keeping the three branches as evenly as far as possible in a horizontal direction, with an angle of 120 degrees. For reasons of light, the main branch is not kept in the south, so as not to grow too differently. In the future, the focus will be on the three main branches。
1. 3 initial result tree trim
The primary result tree, which is usually a tree before the larvae result 1 a to the pre-precedent period (3-6 a) after planting, is still expanding and growing stronger, requiring the removal of the embryos of the main stem, and the continuation of the garbing of the gargoyle, except for the continued cultivation of the gargoyle, and the minor cutting。
2 adult tree trim
The adult tree refers to the fruitful and stable production phase of the precipitous citrus tree, whose main task is to promote the renewal of branches, to balance growth results and to maintain stable tree-producing patterns. In areas free from freezing in winter, cut-off after picking fruit until the onset of the spring, the effect of early cut-off will be the better, given the relative hibernation of the umbilical orange plant, the reduced physical activity, the lower the loss of cut-off nutrients and the faster the wound heals; if there is freezing in winter, it would be better to trim after spring。
2. 1 results cluster updates
As a result, branches are prone to decline and can be compressed and trimmed for branch rotation. In winter, spring, when cutting, most of the results should be retrenched, i. E. Short-lived. 1/3~2/3 processing to reduce flowering. The retrenching of branches is easy to draw springs, and the stronger spring branches are easier to smoke summers and autumns, allowing the branches to be updated, and the renewed branches can produce flowers at 2, 3 a, and most of the branches can be cut short again after picking, with a rotation of the results being used to retrench the trees each year, thereby helping to maintain the relative balance of fruit and leaves。
2. 2 cutting down branches
The canopy of the figs is gradually expanding and tends to lead to chamber depression, and until it is closed, the resulting parent branch can be cut short or retrenched using the above-mentioned twig compression and cut-off method, which can bind the canopy and expand slowly。
2. 3 reasonable promotion and control of branches
In the summer season, those who do not fill vacancies should be cut off in a timely manner, and those who fill vacancies should be careful to maintain the length of the branches in a timely manner of approximately 20 cm in order to contribute to the strength of their basics. Autumn branches are good results for the following year, and when the branches are cut off, they are trimmed and trimmed and trimmed by the words “severed, weakened, left in the middle”, with the principle of “distorted, straight, slanted” applied to each spring or summer, with two or three autumns reserved for “two and five”。
3 old tree trim
The main task of the aging tree trimmed is to re-energize, promote the production of new branches, rotate and update according to the age of the tree, regenerate and update the main branch. In order to achieve a good result, old-age tree trims must be managed in a well-developed manner. The cut-off period should be selected before the onset of the spring sprouts and should not be carried out in high-temperature and dry climatic conditions. The restoration period of the old tree is not appropriate for the tree or for a small amount of it。
3. 1 rotation of updated shears
At the dawn of the spring, some of the branches had fallen, but some of them had been found to be productive, and the ageing part had been briefly removed from the strong branches. In the first instance, the skeletal branch or large branch of the tree is adjusted to remove the branches that are overcrowded or disrupt the tree shape, diseased branches, etc., and to cut short the peripheral degenerative branch, while the inner-bore branch is kept as far as possible, with a slight retrenchment。
3. 2 updated cut-off of open bones
Cuts cross branches, overlapping branches, disease branches and bone branches that do not meet the requirements for plasticization. The side branch is about 20 cm short at the base。
3. 3 upgrading of the main branch
It's good to go down and see where the main branch is smooth and strong. The main branches of the trimester are long and much longer, and tree positions and yields recover faster, but do not reduce the leaf curtains or solve the problem of depression once and for all. When the main branch is cut off, the saw is kept flat and waxed or painted in time to protect it. It can be handled as an adult tree。
Discussion
In order to optimize the role of the "three dry" orthopaedics of the umbilical oranges, the following areas will need to be addressed with a focus on day-to-day water fertilizer management and pest management:
4. 1 a healthy tree is selected for cultivation, with pure varieties, no serious pests and no quarantine pests. Marriage interfaces are good, with no knots or serious bends. Roots are more developed, with a tree diameter of 1. 0 cm and above 80 cm。
4. 2 a combination of winter and summer and autumn cutting is used, with winter and autumn and summer and autumn and autumn. In winter and spring, shearing is done after shearing, until the spring begins, mainly by retrenchment, troughs, cross branches, overlapping branches, diseased branches, etc., in order to develop compact, solid skeletons and tree crowns with solid production and stereogenic results, to promote the ventilating of tree crowns and to reduce pests and pests; in the summer shearing, mainly with buds, cut hearts and short clips, to control the growth of branches and to promote good fruit growth。
