The technique and management method of cucumber cultivation is a complex, multi-faceted science, from soil selection to pest control, and each step requires careful operation to ensure the eventual harvest of high-quality, high-yielding cucumbers. The whole process of the cultivation and management of the melon is described in detail below。
First of all, soil selection is the first step in the cultivation of the cucumber. Cucumbers prefer to grow in well-drained, organically high, fine and permeable soils, preferably with ph values between 6. 5 and 7. 5. Such a soil environment would ensure the smooth breathing of the cucumber root system and provide adequate nutrients. Prior to planting, the soil could be overhauled, decomposed organic fertilizers could be applied, and soil fertility and water-preservative capacity could be improved. The sandy soil, because of its permeability and high drainage performance, is the ideal option for planting cucumbers. The cultivation of cucumbers in water storage or in low-lying areas is avoided in order to avoid root disease。
Next is seed processing and seeding. Seed treatment is a key step towards increasing gerontization rates and reducing pests and diseases. Healthy, full seeds are selected and seeded before seeding. Seeds can be immersed in warm water about 50°c for 15 minutes, then cooled, then immersed for 5 hours, then washed and drugged. When seeding takes place, suitable seeding times are selected, taking into account local climatic and soil conditions. In the north, the early spring and summer seasons were a good time for the cultivation of cucumbers, usually from mid-april to early may, and from may to mid-june. In the south, the warm climate allowed seeding to begin in late march and early april. The seed is planted at a reasonable distance of about 15 to 20 centimetres, with a moderate burial depth of about 2 centimetres. After the broadcast, a thin layer of soil is covered lightly and water is poured out to keep the soil wet。
The management of the sapling season is equally important. About 10 days after planting, if the temperature is appropriate, the seedling can be replenished, the leaves kept to life, the essentially consistent right-to-right parallels and the abundant growth. This is a good rise, and all plants that have lost leaves or have torn around leaves can be eliminated. At the same time, care should be taken to control moisture and temperature to prevent the growth of small seedlings. The temperature is controlled at 20-25°c during the day and not less than 10°c at night. In addition, the weekly application of thin, complex fat water can promote small seedling growth. Chinese weeding is also an important component of seed management to promote root growth and development and reduce the incidence of pests and diseases。
Whole branch management has an important impact on the production and quality of the canon. The cucumber is dominated by the results of chickens and grandchildren, and the cutting should be flexible. When the seedling grows to four real leaves, a chicken is grown in one to four handles, which is usually removed from the place near the root, leaving the first three. Each chicken needs a spasm in four to five leaves. It would be preferable for each chicken to have five to six melons, and if the chickens were sitting less or not stable, it would be necessary to keep the melons. It is more appropriate to maintain 6-8 melons each by cutting. The whole branch should avoid overcuting, so as not to affect the growth and production of the cucumber。
Temperature management is a key element in the cucumber cult. Cucumbers are warm crops with different long-term demand for temperature. The temperature should be maintained at 25-35 °c and the suitable temperature for the flowering period at 25 °c at the early stages of the planting. The flowering period is delayed if the night temperature is below 17°c. Cucumbers are long-lived and cease to grow when the temperature drops to 13°c, when they stop at 10°c, and when they freeze at 7. 4°c. Therefore, in the midst of the vagaries of climate change in the early springs, measures to protect against freezing and to increase the resistance of plants to colds should be put in place in conjunction with the spraying of leaf blades with anti-reversible additives。
Hydrological management is an inescapable link in the cultivation of cucumbers. Cucumbers are in high demand for moisture, but they cannot be overwatered to avoid the rooting of water. In general, water is more appropriate three times a week, preferably at lower early and late temperatures, both to nourish plants and to reduce water evaporation. The bouquet period allows for an appropriate increase in the amount of water being poured, the stabilization of the soil moisture and the promotion of fruit expansion. At the same time, care must be taken to keep the drains open and to avoid the sapling of water during the rainy season。
Fertilizer is an important part of the cucumber cultivation. The digestive absorption of nutrients is positively related to the establishment of dry matter content and the accumulation of sugar. Increased application of high-quality fertilizers is therefore a key measure to improve the quality and productivity of the canons. It should be primarily based on base fat, supported by fat. Before seeding, ditches are opened or caves are dug and the fertilizer and soil layer are evenly mixed and applied to the gutter or cave. Cucumbers are grown in a timely manner, depending on their growth and soil fertility. Fertilizers should be concentrated on nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium compound fertilizer, with appropriate supplements to trace elements such as calcium, magnesium, zinc, etc. After fatting, water is poured in time to promote fertilizer absorption。
Pest and pest control is an important part of the melon cultivation. Cucumbers have more pests, and the main pests during the nursery period are lignoma, frost and rust, which can be prevented by the spraying of mercuric or aluminum copper, and by the spraying of agrococin to prevent frost and rust. The pests are mainly aphids, followed by night moths, sticky worms, cotton bells, etc. Microtoxic drugs can be used to combat them. For example, aphids can be treated for aphids, while others can be treated for aluminums, as well as for eradication of aluminum sprays. In pest and disease management, care should be taken to rotate the use of medicines and to avoid creating resistance. At the same time, field management needs to be strengthened to increase plant resistance to pests and diseases。
Vegetation, guacamole and maturation are critical periods for the growth of the melon. From the melon position, the female is open to the walnut size of the walnuts and the walnut face starts with the thawing period, which generally takes 6-9 days. During this period, the growing and peaking period of plants is a critical period for normal growth. The guacamole period, which ranges from the `floating' period to the `fixed' period of the fruit size, is essentially a guacamole period, which varies from 10 to 12 days in length to 25 days. The main fertility characteristic during this period is the rapid expansion of the fruit volume and the maintenance of the whole growth centre on the fruit. The period of maturity ranges from fruit to fruit to maturity. The length of this phase varies from 7 to 8 days and 20 days. The main fertility characteristic during this period was biochemical transformation within the fruit, with a large amount of sugar fractional deposition, marked maturity, colour change in the fruit skin, production pressure varieties beginning to fall down and seeds full of round。
A timely harvest is the final step in the cultivation of the cucumber. The premature harvest time and the lack of sugar and aromatic gas in the cucumber severely affect its quality. The pick-up time is too late for the guacamole to rot and to store. The timing of collection should be determined according to the pattern of sale. In the case of locally sold melons, 9 to 10 minutes can be collected. In the case of sales in foreign markets, which require long transport, the harvest time may be 8 to 9 years. The harvest should be carried out in the absence of rain and should take place in the middle of the sun and at night in order to reduce the trauma caused by the harvest to the fragrance。
In the light of the above, the techniques and management methods used for the cultivation of cucumbers relate to soil selection, seed processing, seeding, seedling management, branch management, temperature management, water management, fertilization, pest control and timely harvesting. Each step requires careful operation in order to ensure the eventual harvest of high-quality and high-yielding cucumbers. It is hoped that this article will provide useful references and help to a wide range of cucumber growers。
