Personal summary: this is the last comparative picture
This post is from https://blog. Csdn. Net/jungle hello/article/data51438886? Utm source=copy
Rip road information protocol
It is the use of an internal route selection protocol in an as system, a very simple agreement based on the distance vector route selection. Its first open standard among router producers is the most extensive route agreement available on all ip route platforms. When using the rip, a cisco router can be connected to other manufacturers ' routers。
The rip is designed primarily to work with a network of modest sizes using the same technology, and is therefore connected through connections that are less velocity-changing. The rip is more suitable for simple campus and regional networks than for complex networks。
There are two versions of the rip: ripv1 and ripv2, both based on classical distance route algorithms with a maximum jump of 15。
Rip version 1: ripv1 is the classful routing protocol, and all devices on the network must use the same subnet mask and not support vlsm because the route does not include mask information. Wide area network bandwidth and cpu and memory resources are consumed。
Rip version 2: ripv2 can send subnet mask information, which is the classless roading agreement in support of vlsm。
The rip algorithm is simple, the distance route is selected
However, the speed of consolidation is slow when the path is larger, and the bandwidth resources are higher when the broadcast route is connected. It applies to small networks with relatively simple network extension structures and very low failure rates for data links, where rips are generally not used。
Rip updates route information using the udp package. The router updates the router every 30s, and if no response from the adjacent router is received within 180s, the router is considered to be unavailable and the router is not available. If no response has been received from the router after 240s, the router information is removed from the router。
Rip has the following characteristics:
• routers from different manufacturers can be connected through the rip
• simple configuration
ripv1 does not support vlsm
• the consumption of wide area network bandwidth
• the consumption of cpu, memory resources。
Oss (open shortest path first, open shortest priority)
Open shortest path first, ospf is an internal gateway selection protocol developed for the ip network, developed and recommended by ietf. The osf agreement consists of three sub-agreements: the hello agreement, the exchange agreement and the proliferation agreement. Of these, hallo protocols check the availability of links and complete the assigned routers and backup assigned routers; exchange protocols complete the designation of the “master” and “from” routers and exchange their respective route database information; proliferation protocols complete the synchronized maintenance of the intermediate routers database
Osf - first-tier format for groups
Version type length of submission
Source router ip address
Area id
Type of verification and authentication
Organisation
Osf introduction of chain-state route selection techniques, opening the shortest path priority algorithm
Routers send each other directly connected links and information they have on links to other routers. Each osf router maintains the database of the same autonomous system of extension. From this database, the shortest path tree is constructed to calculate the path from the table. When the extended structure changes, the osf can recalculate the path quickly and generate only a small amount of traffic by protocol。
In addition, all ospf route selection protocols are exchanged with authentication。
Main strengths
(c) speed of containment; no jump limit
Support service type path selection
Provision of load balance and identification
Applicable environment
The internet is huge and complex
The osf agreement has the following advantages:
• the ability of the osf to represent the entire network in its own link-state database has greatly reduced the amount of time taken to absorb it and has supported the interconnection of large isomer networks, providing a way for network information to be exchanged between them through the same protocol and not prone to error in route information。
• osf supports multiple pathways to the same end。
• osf uses route labels to distinguish external routes。
• osf supports route validation, whereby route information can be exchanged only between routers that pass through each other; and different means of certification can be defined for different areas, thus improving network security。
• balance of loads on multiple chain roads at the same cost of osf support。
• osf is a non-clan route agreement, which does not limit route information to leapfrog, reducing the problem of the separation of the subnets as a result of the graded route。
• osf supports vlsm and non-clan routers to facilitate the effective management of network addresses
• the use of area by osf to stratify the network reduces the protocol's need for cpu processing time and memory。
Bgp (border gateway protocol, border gateway protocol)
It is a route selection agreement between autonomous systems. Bgp for internet connection. As the latest external gateway agreement, four versions are available。
Bgp is the only network protocol that handles internet sizes, and the only one that can properly handle multiple-routings between unrelated routes. Bgpv4 is an external route agreement. It may be considered an advanced distance vector route agreement。
In the bgp network, one network can be divided into autonomous systems. The ebgp broadcasting route is used between autonomous systems, and ibgp is used within the autonomous system to broadcast route within their own network。
Bgp route selection is based on distance vector choice
Unlike the traditional distance vector (one stand-alone measure, e. G. Jump) agreement, bgp complicates the measurement of the as external path。
The main function of the bgp system is to exchange information with other bgp systems. Network access includes listed as information. This information has been effective in constructing an as-connected pamphlet and thus clearing the route and implementing strategic decisions at the as level。
Bgp uses reliable session management, and the 179 port in tcp is used to trigger update and keepalive information to its neighbours to disseminate and update the bgp route list。
When two routers running bgp started communicating to exchange dynamic route information, tcp port 179 was used and they relied on communication (talks) oriented towards connections. Bgp must rely on a tcp session for connectivity. Because bgp cannot use keepalive information (but it has keepalive information on its ordinary head to allow routers to verify whether the session is active). Standard keepalive is the information that is sent from one router to another on the electrical route instead of tcp sessions. The routers used these signals on the electrical circuits to verify that the circuits were not wrong or were not found。
Bgp characteristics: bgp is an external route agreement that, unlike ospf and rips, is aimed not at discovering and calculating the route, but at controlling its spread and choosing the best route。
By carrying as path information, the bgp can completely resolve the route cycle。
In order to control the transmission and choice of route, attach attribute information to route。
The use of tcp as its transmission layer protocol has improved its reliability. Port number 179。
Bgp-4 supports cidr, the introduction of which has simplified route aggregation and reduced route sheets。
Bgp upgrades only send incremental routers, reducing the bandwidth of bgp transmission route occupancy。
provides a rich route strategy。
Comparison of the three agreements:
