Clean coal and haze control "is an important way to solve environmental problems - Interview with Zhao Shuyan, Chairman and Chief Engineer of Beijing Guohua Technology Group Co., Ltd.: Legal Representative, Chairman and Chief Engineer of Beijing Guohua Technology Group Co., Ltd; The first batch of professional and technical outstanding talents from the former Ministry of Coal Industry of China; Winner of the Sun Yueqi Award in China; Young and middle-aged experts with outstanding contributions in Hebei Province; The overall leader of the key scientific and technological research and development projects in China's Ninth Five Year Plan, who has won 8 national, provincial, and ministerial science and technology progress awards; Coal should be washed clean before use. This year's two sessions have just ended, and reporters interviewed heavyweight figures in the coal preparation industry - Zhao Shuyan, a member of the Beijing Political Consultative Conference and Chairman and Chief Engineer of Beijing Guohua Technology Group Co., Ltd. He has a straightforward and outgoing personality, and is talkative. He talks about the key focus of the energy revolution, "clean coal," in a clear and concise manner. He said that this is one of the main ways for China to control haze in the future.
Declare war on pollution with source technology
Zhao Shuyan said solemnly, 'Protecting the environment is a fundamental national policy of our country.'. Due to the long-term backwardness of production technology in China, coupled with insufficient attention to environmental protection and ineffective supervision by government functional departments, the environmental situation in China is not optimistic. The government work report of this year's two sessions pointed out that we must resolutely declare war on pollution, just like declaring war on poverty.
Beijing Guohua Technology Group Co., Ltd. is a national high-tech enterprise mainly engaged in the development of new coal washing technology and coal preparation engineering design for coal purification source technology. Through advanced coal preparation technology, it improves the utilization rate of coal resources and reduces the negative impact of coal as the main energy source in China on the environment.
According to non final industry data, in 2013 (2014), China produced 3.68 (3.87) billion tons of raw coal, of which 2.214 (2.42) billion tons entered coal preparation plants for washing and processing. The raw coal selection rate was 60.1 (62.5)%, and about 40 (37.5)%, or 1.47 (1.45) billion tons, of raw coal was used as commercial coal without any purification treatment. Coal combustion is one of the main causes of atmospheric haze.
The characteristics of China's energy structure are rich in coal, poor in oil, and poor in gas. Although coal reserves are abundant, the quality is poor, and the coal market share may still be around 50% by 2050. At present, the proportion of coal in China's energy system has reached 64.2%, and there will not be fundamental changes in the short term. Coal burning pollution has naturally become a target of criticism from all sectors of society.
In the past, under the planned economy that only focused on output and not on efficiency, this phenomenon became more apparent because coal preparation not only did not increase output, but also reduced output due to the discharge of gangue, so it was not taken seriously. At the same time, the government has not regarded coal selection as a mandatory policy for the coal industry, so coal selection is in a dispensable state in industry production.
In the market economy environment, coal preparation has begun to show its economic benefits and environmental significance. The coal preparation industry is changing its low status in the coal industry and gradually attracting attention as the most technologically advanced image in the coal industry.
Especially in today's increasingly severe environmental problems, coal selection technology becomes particularly important. Simply put, coal selection is the process of removing impurities (mainly gangue) from coal to make it clean, which is the source of clean coal technology. Currently, the most widely used methods in the world are gravity coal selection and floating coal selection. The most commonly used methods in gravity coal selection are heavy medium coal selection and water medium. At present, the heavy medium coal selection in China is mainly carried out by cyclones, while the water medium coal selection is mainly carried out by jigs.
Purification coal preparation technology needs to purify the competitive environment more; Zhao Shuyan introduced that coal selection can effectively remove ash and sulfur content from coal. The average ash content of non gangue power plant thermal coal in China is 28.6%, with an average sulfur content of 1.01%, while the average ash content of blended thermal commercial coal after washing is 15.5%, with an average sulfur content of 0.66%. For every 100 million tons of raw coal selected, approximately 13 million tons of ash and 350000 tons of sulfur can be removed, reducing SO2 emissions by 490000 tons. Zhao Shuyan said that the ash content of coal-fired coal in developed countries generally does not exceed 12%, while the average ash content of thermal coal in China reaches over 28%.
Taking Poland and the United States as examples, the ash content of coal-fired coal is around 10.5% and 9.5% respectively, and this indicator even reaches or exceeds the level of coking coal in our country. The relevant regulations issued in 2014 require that the ash content of coal combustion in the Beijing Tianjin Hebei region be controlled below 16%. Although the country is gradually increasing this indicator, there is still a long gap compared to developed countries.
With the rapid development of the economy, the demand for coal has increased sharply, and the requirements for coal preparation accuracy are becoming increasingly high. Zhao Shuyan confidently said that China's current core technology level in coal selection is at least 10 years ahead of the United States. Unfortunately, some domestic coal preparation research and production units have introduced outdated coal preparation technologies at high prices and built many coal preparation plants, which not only wastes funds and coal resources, but also hinders the progress of coal preparation technology in China.
In recent years, Beijing Guohua Technology has been competing vigorously with internationally leading coal preparation technology, which has greatly improved the entire industry and squeezed out some so-called "advanced" and inefficient coal preparation technologies from abroad, purifying the competitive environment of domestic coal preparation technology.
Coal selection can remove about 80% of inorganic sulfur, with a cost only 1/10 of flue gas desulfurization. It has a twice the result with half the effort in controlling air pollution and reducing sulfur dioxide emissions.
The technical support behind the considerable benefits
Coal selection can not only clean coal and protect the environment, but also effectively save transportation costs, "Zhao Shuyan calculated. If raw coal is used without washing, it will increase energy consumption from the transportation end, which will cause pollution and emissions, and a vicious cycle will begin.
Based on the national coal production in 2013, if the 1.47 billion tons of coal that were not selected for the whole year were washed, it would require more than 36 billion yuan in construction funds. However, through washing, nearly 300 million tons of gangue could be removed, saving more than 18 billion yuan in transportation costs. The economic benefits brought by this alone can recover the construction cost within two years. At the same time, improving coal efficiency can also save about 165 million tons of coal.
In 2011, under the leadership of Zhao Shuyan, Guohua Technology overcame the international problem of "ungraded raw coal and non desliming mixed selection" that had long plagued the coal preparation industry. The coal preparation process system was greatly simplified, which not only greatly reduced investment and production costs, but also made the operation as simple as a "point and shoot camera", making it easy to learn and operate in practice. Compared with other peers using American technology, the coking coal preparation plant designed by Guohua Technology saves investment and processing fees by 10% -30%, reduces electricity consumption by 40% -60%, and reduces gangue coal content by 6-20 percentage points for all selected power coal preparation plants. The cost of heavy medium coal selection has been reduced compared to that of jigging.
He gave a successful case: Shanxi Fenxi Xinyu Coal Preparation Plant was designed by a foreign-funded design company in 2005, using developed national coal preparation technology and imported LA1150 type two product heavy medium cyclone coarse and fine selection, RC type coarse coal slurry separator and JMSCELL type flotation column as core equipment, and built a workshop that can process 2 million tons of raw coal annually.
In 2012, a second workshop with an annual processing capacity of 3 million tons was built, which was designed by Beijing Guohua Technology and fully adopted the research results of Beijing Guohua Technology's "efficient and simplified heavy medium coal preparation complete set technology and equipment". The core equipment includes the 3GHMC non pressure feeding three product heavy medium cyclone, FHMC coarse coal slurry heavy medium cyclone, and FJC jet flotation machine.
Long term production statistics show that the yield of clean coal in Workshop 2 has increased from 50.14% to 57.11% compared to Workshop 1, an increase of 6.97 percentage points. The annual production of high-quality clean coal is 201000 tons, and for every ton of raw coal selected, an additional sales revenue of 60.83 yuan is generated. It should be particularly mentioned that another important indicator of sorting accuracy, the coal carrying rate of gangue, has decreased from 20.82% to 0.30%, a decrease of 20.52 percentage points, which can reduce coal losses by about 180000 tons in one year.
The complete set of technology and equipment developed by Guohua Technology, with the three product heavy medium cyclone as the core, has greatly improved the sorting accuracy and brought significant economic and social benefits to coal preparation enterprises.
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