There are a number of ways to strengthen brick-structured houses, depending on the circumstances of the house, such as the degree of structural damage, changes in use function, earthquake resistance requirements, etc. Here are some of the ways to strengthen the brick-constructed houses:
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I. Basic strengthening
1. Expanded base area approach: this approach may be applied when the base carrying capacity is insufficient or the base is too heavy. (c) increase the carrying capacity of the base by building new concrete bases around the original base, expanding the base area, reducing the base pressure. The construction should be carried out in such a way that the original base surface is grafted and implanted into the attached steel bars to ensure that the old and new foundations are effectively connected to work together。
2. Bar anchor static pillar method: for the sinking of more severe brick-structured houses, anchor static pillar may be used for reinforcement. On the basis of this, the pillars and anchors will be drilled, anchors and sections will be installed, the pillars will be crushed into the ground floor by jacks, then the pillars will be connected to the base, and the load of the upper structure will be transferred to the deep and solid layer of the earth, thus increasing the carrying capacity and stability of the base。
Ii. Wall reinforcement
1 the cement slurry layer of the steel-coated network is reinforced: it applies to increasing the resistance of the wall to earthquakes, shear strength and integrity. First, the walls are cleaned up and the loose parts are removed, then the fences are attached to the walls, which are combined to bear the load through a fixed wall and a fixed wall, and then sprayed or coated with some thickness of concrete slurry。
2. Strengthening of the wall column: concrete pillars on either side or side of the wall, which are integrated with the wall and enhance its stability and carrying capacity. The sizes and bands of the pillars are determined by the receptivity of the wall and the reinforcement requirements. Construction is carried out in such a way as to ensure the reliability of the link between the pillar and the wall, which can be achieved by embedding the wall or setting up a stretch。
3. The addition of beams and tectonic columns: the addition of brick-structured houses with inadequate protection against earthquakes, and tectonic columns are effective measures to increase the resilience of houses to earthquakes. The beam shall be closed at the same level along the outer wall of the house and the inner wall, and the pillars shall be constructed at the four corners of the house, at the four corners of the stairwell, at the intersection of the wall inside and outside of the large room. The walls are connected to one whole through beams and tectonic columns, enhancing the spatial rigidity and integrity of the house and increasing its resilience to earthquakes。
Iii. Strengthening of the side and house
Increase in plate thickness: when the floor is not carrying enough, a concrete layer can be built on the original floor, increasing the thickness of the plate and increasing the carrying capacity and intensity of the plate. The original floor surface would need to be processed prior to construction, with the implantation of attached steel bars to ensure that both old and new concrete work together。
2- paste fibre composites or steel sheet reinforcement: similar to the sticker reinforcement in the beam column structure, for floors and panels with insufficient or crack capacity, materials such as carbon fibre sheets, glass fibre sheets or steel sheeting can be placed on the floor to increase plate resistance and shear resistance. Paste should be carried out with attention to the quality of grass-roots processing and pasting, ensuring that there is a strong bond between materials and plates。
Iv. Cracking
1. Surface closure: for lesser width (generally less than
0. 2 mm), cracks that have little impact on structural carrying capacity may be treated by a surface closure method. First, crack surfaces are cleaned, then epoxy resin or other sealed material is painted, the cracks are closed, water and air are prevented from entering, and steel corrosions and cracks are avoided。
2. Pressure slurry method: for greater width (greater)
0. 2mm or cross-cutting crack, using pressure slurries. Pulp mouths are placed on cracks, sealing cracks with seals, and epoxy resin or other specially designed slurry material is injected into the cracks by slurry equipment to fill cracks, restore structural integrity and waterproof performance。
The reinforcement of the brick-structured house requires detailed testing and validation by professional structural engineers, the development of a reasonable reinforcement programme and the construction of works in strict compliance with the construction specifications to ensure the reinforcement effect and safe use of the house。
