Henan daily news, xin hunan's client correspondent
Plumbing, fat tubers, fragrance, smelly, nutritious and popular. In order to effectively improve the quality and productivity of the plant, the following are the techniques of cultivation。
I. Selection of varieties
Good varieties that are disease-resistant, cold-resistant (or heat-resistant) and commodity-friendly should be selected according to local climatic conditions, planting seasons and market demand. Pre-cooked and late-smoking varieties are preferred in spring; medium- and late-sprung varieties resistant to heat, frostic and viral diseases are preferred in autumn; and cold-resistant and pre-smoking varieties are required for winter farming。
Ii. Requiring
Vegetables are semi-cool-resistant, lumber at 15-20°c, seedlings grow at 12-20°c and tubing at 15-18°c。
(a) spring field cultivation: average daily temperature is stable at 5°c and planting is more frequent, with a 30-35-day age
(a) summer planting: the need for cooling, rain and waterproofing, and the desirability of planting between late june and mid-july to select heat-resistant varieties
Autumn planting: planting from mid-august to early september, avoiding high-temperature seeding and preventing protégés and early smoking
Winterization (southern region): seedlings were planted in mid-october and plantings were established after low-temperature exercise to ensure a safe winter。
Iii. Management of nursery
Cultivated seedlings are produced using a combination of nutrients or dens, with a sterility, good drainage and ph 6. 0-6. 8. Pre-plant seeds require cryogenic sprouts (4-5°c for 24-48 hours) to break hibernation and improve alignment. Shrimps are careful to control water temperature to avoid high-moisture wavelengths; a 0. 1 per cent dose of potassium phosphate solution can be sprayed during the second locomotive period to increase resistance; and the timely prevention and treatment of sudden fallout, stand dead disease and aphids。
Iv. Holding and staffing
Selection of sandy or bordery soil, which is deep, organically rich and easily discharged. Before planting, 25-30 cm deep, 3000-4000 kg per acre of decomposed organic fertilizer, 40-50 kg of compound fertilizer (n-p205-k2o = 15-15) 40-50 kg of base fertilizer, ploughing. It is built at a distance of 35 to 40 cm and 25 to 30 cm, with a density of about 6,000 to 7,000 cm. Cultivation can take place during the day or evening, so as to fill the root water and keep the soil humid。
V. Field management
Water management: the principle of front-and-back control is followed. After slowing the seedlings, proper management of the water cucumbers and promotion of root ligaments; the expansion of the back end of the lotus period, increasing the demand for water, keeping the soil dry and wet, and limiting the accumulation of water; and 7-10 days of water control prior to harvesting to increase the flarity and resistance of the tuber。
Fertilizer management: following the application of urea (5-8 kg/acre) after planting has been established; re-enactment of tuber fertilizer from the end of the lotus to the beginning of the tuber, 20-25 kg per acre, combined potassium fertilizer, and boron fertiliser (0. 5-1. 0 kg/acre) to prevent tuber fractures and hollows。
Weeding in chinese tillage: two to three times during the initial planting period, followed by a halt in the post-sealing period to cover the black membrane moisture。
Vi. Green pest control
The focus is on the prevention and control of frost, fungi, viral diseases, aphids, leaf flies, etc. Agricultural control is maintained (rotation, clean field, disease-resistant varieties), supported by physical control (yellow bait, insecticide-resistant nets), supplemented by scientific medicine. Frostosis can be used as a symphony spray; fungi can be sprayed in the first flower or in the form of americium; viral disease is retorted for aphid control, i. E. Aphids; aphids and horsees can be selected for low poisons such as aphids and americium, and safety intervals are strictly observed。
Vii. Receiving in time
The harvest is based on the full expansion of the tubers, the flat or slightly higher top of the top blades, the smooth skin of the rods, the green colours and the softness of the mats. Early harvest yields are low, too late for emptiness, increased fibres, reduced quality and easy to draw flowers. The harvest can be collected 50-60 days after the normal spring season and 45-55 days after the fall season. The harvest can take place early in the morning, with light lifting, avoidance of mechanical damage and timely pre-colding, sorted packaging。
Viii. Notes
Protection against pre-spills: avoiding prolonged periods of low temperature
Prevention of hollow and tubing: balanced supply of water for fertilizer, avoidance of flooding and increased application of boron and calcium fertilizer after drought
Rational rotations: acronyms associated with chrysanthemum, umbrella vegetables, suitable for more than three years with grasshoppers and legume crops。
Overall, high-quality, high-yielding, efficient and green production objectives can only be achieved through scientific management, with flexible applications based on specific ecological conditions and cultivation models。
