Appropriate temperature conditions for tomatoes at different stages. The relative humidity of air in the pre-growth shed should be maintained at 60-65 per cent. The relative humidity of air in the later stages of growth should be maintained at 45 to 55 per cent。
Ii. What light conditions are required for tomato growth
Tomatoes are short-lived solar crops, but most varieties are not strictly required for sunlight, do not require a specific light cycle and can be cultivated throughout the year, provided the temperature is appropriate. Generally speaking, children are well-born under 16 hours of light, with the tomato light saturation point of 70,000 leks, and the normal development at 3,55,000 leks。
There is insufficient light for flowering periods, which can easily lead to the fallout. The result period is in a period of strong light, with more sit-ins and larger single fruit, low sitting-out rates, reduced single fruit weights, and prone to empty and corrosive fruit。
Iii. What are the moisture requirements for tomato growth?
The top leaf of the tomato field is thick, evaporating more strongly, with a evaporation factor of around 800 and more water. However, tomato root is highly developed, water-absorption capacity is strong, water requirements are semi-dry-resistant, and the relative humidity of air is appropriate at 45-50 per cent。
The demand for moisture has increased significantly after the first bouquets have swelled. During the period of fruit expansion, the daily intake of tomatoes ranged from 1 to 2 litres. Depending on soil evaporation, the water was watered in appropriate quantities, with small water inert and between 5 and 7 days during the period of fruit。
Watering principle
A tomato root is highly developed and controlled, and water is important. The first is to prevent flooding and to ensure that crops do not grow without water, that they do not die from root and that they do not suffer from tubular decomposition. The riser is typically 22-25 centimeters high, with branches. It is 80 centimetres wide, 60 centimetres wide, a small walk in “v” shape, 5-7 days before planting, 25 centimetres high, up to 18-20 centimetres high, and as soon as possible, it is called the construction of the water, 5-7 days after planting the seedlings in the waterline, then watering the seedlings, ensuring that they are on the same waterline, 5-7 days later watering the seedlings, grafting them, and increasing the air permeability of the soil to prevent the evaporation of the water。
In order to prevent the erosion of the membrane, the membrane must be white and the membrane must affect the growth of the root system. When the membrane is high, it should not be spread and placed on the side of the small lids to prevent high temperature damage to the leaves of the crop. No water is required for 20-25 days, and the first ear fruit grows into an egg or when the third earflower is lit before the water is fertilized. When the seedling grows to 40 cm high, at the height of noon, the seedling is pressed to the side to prevent it from growing and rises and hangs again. The drop-down of the ground would lead to a lot of uncertainty in the future, increasing the rate of late-stage inflation and increasing production。
Iv. What kind of soil does tomato grow
Tomatoes are less stringent for soil requirements, and it is advisable to opt for a deep, well-drained, organically fertile border. Tomatoes are required to absorb large amounts of nutrients from the soil during the reproductive period. The production of 5,000 kg of fruit requires the absorption of 33 kg of potassium oxide, 10 kg of nitrogen and 5 kg of phosphorus from soil. Seventy-three per cent of these elements are distributed in fruit and 27 per cent are found in nutrient organs such as tubers, leaves and roots。
V. How can the light of protected tomatoes be enhanced
Reasonable layout: when the tomato is planted, the seedlings are designed to be the same size, the plant is fully grown and the shade between the plants is reduced. At the same time, the north and the south should be planted in order to make the sun as acceptable as possible and to avoid as much resistance as possible。
(b) rationally decrypt the curtains: in general, 0. 5 to 1 hour after the sun comes out and half an hour before the sun sets. In particular, in the rainy days that stop during the rainy season, the curtains should also be properly removed to make full use of the scattered light of the sun。
Sets a reflection screen: the vertical grounding of a 3-metre-long aluminum-plating mirror on the north side of the shed will increase the ground by about 40% and the temperature of the shed by 3°c ~ 4°c. In addition, the placement of silver grey membranes on the ground can increase the light intensity of the plant。
(c) the consolidation of plants: the management of the field in a timely manner, such as a whole branch, power-setting, chicken-tightening, foliage, etc., in order to facilitate ventilation in the shed。
Vi. The role of various fertilizer elements
(b) nitrogen fattening: increasing the rate of crop nutrition, stretching the symbiosis, stretching the leaf handle, opening the leaf blade, limiting the use, overuse of crop syllables, lengthening the stem, long and thinness of leaves, light yellow of leaves, small flowering, slow expansion, impacting on yields and decreasing resistance to disease (the old shed must use less chicken manure and compound fertilizer). There has also been a significant decline in resilience。
2 calcium perphosphate: calcium with phosphorus, calcium fattening increases the cytocellular division of crops, bulges, robust flowers, increasing pollination rates, reducing malformations, slow growth of root systems at low temperatures, difficulty in absorbing calcium, causing deformation of calcium deficiency, corrosive disease, remediation methods, water flushing calcium nitricate, which can be prevented when the fruit grows to the size of peanut rice and is sprayed once in every ear。
3 phosphorus fertilizers: promote the growth of the roots of crops, determine the number of roots to grow, decrease in the number of principals without phosphorus, affect the nutrient transmission of crops, make sure that the soil is fertilized with phosphorus, deep roots, good delivery nutrition for crops, increase drought resistance, reduce the number of water irrigated, prevent water irrigation and severe disease。
4 potassium fat: the grounding should make potassium sulphate, strong straw, large fruit, good colour, bright surface, good hardness and transport。
Magnesium fertilizers: increase the chlorophyll content of crops and promote light co-operation. Magnesium is not enough, and there is an irregular greening of large yellow spots on leaves. The distribution of trace elements is directly related to magnesium。
6 zinc fertilizers: faster crop trophication, faster growth, and non-yellow co-operation。
7 iron fertilizer: the absorption of crops inhibits bacterial growth, forms a protective membrane on the surface of crop blades and increases crop resilience. Lack of iron, yellowing of plants and reduced resistance。
8 boron fertilizers: increased cytocellular fragmentation of crops, resulting in chromosomal fracturing and increasing the balance of crop reproductive and nutritional growth. Without boron, the bud doesn't form or small。
Copper sulfate: increases the resistance of crops to disease by forming a layer of waxes on the crop blades and on the surface of the straw, so that bacteria are protected from intrusion。
Each element is used in a quantity that affects the absorption of other elements。
How can tomatoes be fertilized
Bottom-saturated fertilizers: base fertilizers are dominated by high-quality, decomposed organic fertilizers with 2500 ~ 3000 kg per acre and are quantified in terms of the variety of tomato varieties, planting periods, etc。
For pre-literated varieties, calcium phosphate is applied 25-30 kg per acre, potassium sulphate 15-20 kg and about 10 kg urea is added。
Lately refined varieties are more appropriately controlled for nitrogen fertilizer。
The membrane covers the distribution of nitrogen fertilizer for tomato cultivation and is generally considered appropriate in terms of base and half-tracking。
In addition to phosphorus fertilizers, full layer fertilization can be introduced, so that the fertilizer is evenly mixed with the paddy soil, so that it can collide with soil. Calcium perphosphate is fully mixed with organic fertilizer and is applied in the den to reduce soil fixation of phosphorus. After the tomato seedlings are drained into the established dens, they are then poured out with rotting water of 500 kg to stabilize the seedlings. In addition, the application of a small amount of boron fat during seeding is effective in order to keep the tomato root growing normally and to increase sugar content。
Reasonable pursuit of fat: 7 to 10 days after planting, a combination of water and accelerant fertilizer is applied in a quantity of 500 kg per acre. When the first fruit starts to swell, it is combined with urea application of 10-15 kg. The first fruit is nearing harvest, and the second and third fruit expands, the plant enters active life, chasing about 1,000 kg of manure per acre or fast nitrogen fertilizer, preferably three times in succession, for the purpose of strengthening, preventing early decay and improving the quality of the fruit. The various fertilization periods, combined with the algebra biostimulant 200 to 300 times the fluid, have a variety of effects, such as strong seedlings, balanced nutrition, and preservation fruit。
Timely fertilization: in the middle and later stages of tomato growth, leaf growth began to slow, and in order to achieve intermediate and later yields and prevent early decay, the application of 500-880 times more of the potassium-phosphate source bank to the leaves had a good effect on the growth of the fruit。
How can protected tomatoes be scientifically fertilized
Focus on organic fertilizers: organic fertilizers contain comprehensive nutrients. Fatty is slow and long. The organic fertilizers used must be fermented, otherwise they are vulnerable to harmful gases. High-quality organic fertilizer of 4000-5000 kg per acre is generally applied. Inoculations for microorganisms can also be applied at an acre mass of 2~3kg。
Balancing the application of fertilizers: fertilizers have high nutrient content and high fertility, which compensates for the deficiency of organic fertilizers and some nutrients in soil. A balanced application does not pose a hazard to plants and the environment。
Common fertilizers include urea, calcium perphosphate, potassium sulphate, boron sand, zinc sulphate and triad compound fertilizer。
Ix. The principle of protected tomato fattening
The general principle is "one, two, three, four."
Control: at this point in time before the tomato is planted, the seedlings should be seen to catch fat and control fat. Overweighting is too concentrated, which tends to lead to the growth of plants and even to the loss of flowers. Thus, in cases of severe fertilizer shortages, the catch-up of fertilizers should generally be controlled, with a slight application of rare manure or biochemical organic fertilizers。
Two: tomato bulge and harvest periods should be followed up with appropriate amounts to promote their growth and development. In the first ear fruit, which is up to the walnut hour, quick follow-up of quick-effect fertilizer 1 to 2 times, the general application of human urine at 30 per cent or 5 per cent sulphur-containing composite fertilizer leachate ensures that the plant is not fertilized. Upon the fertilisation of the juvenile fruit, and in order to meet plant growth needs and avoid later decomposition, the method of “hard pursuit” should be applied, typically by applying human urine at a concentration of 40 per cent or 5 per cent sulphur-containing composite fertilizer leachate every 10 days on a sunny day。
Three sprays: 2-3 times leaf fertilizers should be sprayed when the fruit production is chronically unable to fertilize the soil, 300-500 times more liquid application can be used for sea elf biostimulants, and 500 times more for phosphorus-source reservoirs to improve the quality of tomatoes。
Four taboos: first, the precipitation of the head with wetting of the soil and high temperatures at noon; second, the excessive concentration of fertilization, which tends to keep the plant long and harmful; third, the application of fertilisation in the wetter soil, which would otherwise be prone to physical diseases such as flowers, leaves and fallows; and fourth, the application of fertilisation in high temperature conditions, which would otherwise have a high evaporation of the leaves, would have affected the effectiveness of the evaporation and would have been appropriate for application in the morning or evening。
X. Improved soils and prevention of serious phenomena
As a result of years of planting, soils are prone to re-emergence, which affects yields, soil improvement can allow land to be “live” again, and crops to grow properly for high yield. The key to soil improvement is the cultivation of useful bacteria in the soil, helping to decompose fertilizers in the soil, accelerating conversion and helping to better absorb crops。
It is recommended to use algebra biostimulants for retortion, which can effectively defusing the soil, changing acids, increasing soil organicity and stimulating root system development。
Eleven. A flower to improve the quality and production of tomatoes
Concentrations of flowers: 2,4-d 2 ml to water 1-1. 5 kg, 2 ml to water 3-1. 6 kg to anti-depressants, best at 18-26°c。
The techniques and techniques of poaching: tomato blossoms are skilled, produce and improve the quality of tomatoes, so that the fruits of tomatoes are even in size, and the fruits of a poignant poignant. The adjustment of time during flowering plays a key role in the parity of the fruits of tomatoes。
When the tomato blooms, if the first flower of each ear is premature and the rear flowers are large and sufficient, then the first flower is removed and the deformities are removed。
If the two flowers open at once, there's no deformity left, don't squirm or spray, and then light the flowers in two days and wait for the buds to bloom together. Flowers or spray flowers, so that the buds are also stimulated by hormones, and together they pollute the ambassador to equalize the size of each of his ears. The early processing of the two first flowers will lead to the rapid seizure of nutrients, delay the flowering of the latter and increase the amount of the flowering time to produce uneven results, even though the latter flowers are not very long due to malnutrition。
A sweet hint
This article is intended for information purposes only, and i would like to thank you for your interest in choosing scientific methods of cultivation and management, in accordance with the local environment, including local soil and climate。
To make it easier to communicate with our readers, the mini-studies are open! Find the varieties, learn the techniques, book the magazines, make the contributions. Welcome to the mini-studies, cjszzs001
