The fragrance, a uniquely fragrance plant, is both an indispensable elf in the kitchen and a good medicine for the cold in the medicine box. From the seeds to the table, the planting of aroma not only provides you with the freshest and safest fragrance but also serves as a horticultural practice that connects nature, relaxing body and soul. The purpose of this paper is to provide a systematic introduction to the biological properties of the aroma, the seasons and seasons of cultivation, detailed practical planting techniques, and to answer frequently asked questions that lead you to the successful development of your own vanilla garden. Whether you are new to the balcony, or to the farmers who seek to produce it on a scale, scientific knowledge of the aroma cultivation is the key to starting a journey of fragrance and harvest。
I. Overview of the greenhouse
1. Basic information on aroma
The aroma usually refers to the foeniculumvulgare plant, which is used for one or two years to produce grass。
Plant characteristics: plants are grown up to 2 metres high. Up straight, cylindrical, thin and lucid surface. The leaves are filamentary fragments of multiple feathers, like hair, green to blue green. It's a double umbrella and a little golden flower in the summer. The fruit is double-suspensed, long circle, and matured and separated into two petals, our usual spice, "small snack"。
Nutrient value: perfume is a treasure. Precious leaves are rich in vitamin c, carrots and minerals such as calcium and potassium. Fruits (small sauerkraut seeds) are rich in volatile aromatic oils (mainly sauerkraut, fragrance), as well as proteins, dietary fibres and multiple trace elements, which are important sources of flavour and health components in diet。
2. Economic value of the aroma
Market demand: as a globally important spice, small aroma seeds are in stable and huge demand for spices, food processing (e. G. Meat products, bread, pickles), oil extraction and the pharmaceutical industry. The popularity of fresh shoals (squirting) as special vegetables in high-end catering and fresh markets is increasing。
Main uses: cooking: seeds, leaves and tubers can add aroma, which is the core ingredient of curry powder. Medicinal health care: the effects of seed temperature, taste, liver, kidney, spleen, stomach, gas and stomach, and cooling. Industrial extraction: used in the processing of aroma oil, and widely used in the manufacture of perfume, cosmetics, alcohol and toothpaste。
Ii. Timing of aroma cultivation
1. Time suitable for planting four seasons per year
The aroma is cold, cold, cold, hot and growing at 15-20°c。
Spring planting (march-may): is the most important planting season. Seeding occurs when the soil is unfrozen in the early spring and temperatures are stabilized at more than 10°c. The spring-run growth cycle is about 60 to 90 days, with early to mid-summer harvests。
Summer planting (june-august): this period is characterized by high temperatures, with the choice of heat-resistant varieties or tubers. It is desirable to have cool mountains or to introduce sun-shield cooling measures. Lives are easy to draw, and it is recommended that they be planted later in the evening。
Autumn cultivation (september-november): is another period of gold cultivation. Early autumn planting, using the cooler weather of autumn and winter, pre-winter harvesting of leaves, or winterization of plants (south and protected areas) and seed harvesting in the following spring. Autumn fragrance is usually more fragrance。
Winter planting (december-february, fit area): live live in the frostfree zone of south china only. In the yangtze basin and the north, it is to be carried out in protected areas, such as solar hothouses and huts, which will guarantee the supply of fresh aroma during the winter。
2. Impact of geographical differences on planting time
Time difference between cultivation in the south and the north:
North (north-west, north-east, north-west): spring seeding should take place between mid-april and may to avoid spring winter; autumn planting should take place in august to ensure sufficient pre-winter growth. In winter, it needs to be planted in protected areas。
South (east, central, south-west, south-west): spring can be advanced until late february through march; fall planting can last from september until early november. South china has almost an anniversary of seeding, but in the summer it is necessary to guard against the high temperatures of storms。
Selection of highland areas and coastal areas:
Highland area: cool summer, ideal environment for the cultivation of aroma, with a slightly late spring broadcast, a good summer broadcast and a strong uv focus。
Coastal areas: note the slow recovery of the spring and the moderate cooling of the autumn, and adjust the frequency. At the same time, seawinds may produce salinity and require enhanced soil-cleaning and wind-proofing measures。
Iii. Methodology of greenhouse
1. Soil preparation
Soil type selection (drainage, fertility): preference for lax, fertile, well-watered sandy or border soil. Low-lying water。
Soil improvement and fertilization: 20 - 25 cm before seeding, 2000 - 3,000 kg of rotting organic weight per acre as base fertilizer and 20 - 30 kg of calcium phosphate evenly. Quite finely, flatly, with a width of 1. 2 to 1. 5 metres。
Seed treatment
Seed selection (standards for high-quality seeds): new seeds that are coloured green or light ash, full of particles, fragrance, and non-stereogenic. There has been a significant decline in seed gerontization。
Seed impregnation and seed sprouts: to improve the integrity of seedlings, seeds can be soaked with water for 12-24 hours before seeding, leaching can be taken out and drenched with wet cloth wraps in an environment of 15-20°c, and some seeds can be seeded in white。
3. Sowing methods
How to sow (on tape, on-demand):
Track: most commonly used. On the side of the argon, a shallow ditch, with a depth of about 1-2 cm, spreads the seeds evenly into the ditch. For seed harvesting or field production。
On-demand: dig the caves at a certain distance, sowing three to five grains per den, and grow in the nursery. It applies to small areas of condensed or balconies。
Scroll depth and line spacing settings: scrolling at a shallow depth of 0. 5 - 1 cm, light pressure is sufficient. Line spacing is generally set at 25-35 cm. If it is mainly for the harvest of seedlings, it is appropriate to plant them properly, and if it is for the purpose of collecting seeds or large plants, it is necessary to ease the distance。
Management and maintenance
Watering requirements (frequency, time): seeding and watering. The soil is wet but not watered during the nursery period. More water is needed during the boom period, which is dry, so that it can be watered sooner or later, so that it does not take place at high noon temperatures. Watch out for drainage during the rainy season。
Weeding and pest control: weeding during the nursery season in time to prevent grass. The main diseases are pollinosis, root causes, which can be prevented by rotation, rational planting and timely drainage after rain. Insects are common to aphids and larvae larvae, which can be captured manually or lured to aphids on cedars。
5. Growth cycle and harvest
An overview of the growth cycle of the aroma: from sowing to harvesting, it varies from purpose to purpose. It takes about 40-60 days to harvest seedlings, 80-100 days to harvest plants (e. G., tubers) and 150-180 days to harvest seeds。
Time and method of collection:
Teen leaves: when a strain is about 20-30 cm high, it is possible to remove or extract the upper spot。
Whole/brain: when the tubing is fully expanding and tight in real time, cut close to the ground。
Seeds: in case the skin is turned from green to tan and fragrance is tanned, the branches are cut early in the morning and taken off after drying。
6. Biopharmaceutical management
Recommended biopharmaceuticals: compound oligarine (geokines)
Combination oligarine is by definition a complex of several types. The chinese term "oligosacchariide" refers to compounds that contain a combination of 2-10 (also known as 3-10) sugar slurry keys, often combined with protein or lipid co-prices and in the form of sugar or sugar。
Combination oligarine, which is derived from plants (mether herbs) and biochemical technologies and is developed exclusively. It can activate specific metabolic pathways for microorganisms and achieve protein synthesis correction。
This technology allows for the integration of soil micro-ecological rehabilitation, the physical metabolic correction of medicinal products, the efficient conversion of drug-planting straws and ecological conservation, the provision of fundamental pathways for the decomposition of herbal herbs with self-toxic effects, endemic diseases, the spread of the nuccultary cycle of bacterial diseases, agricultural disability and contamination of heavy metals, and the coordinated regulation of technical barriers to the “high-yielding cultivation, stable material maintenance and ecological sustainability” of the production sites。
Advantages of compound oligarine:
(1) increased seed sprouts of crops and more than 80 per cent of seed sprouts
(ii) the effects on the root system, which are well developed and trophic microbaric
(3) improving the efficiency of light cooperation in crops
(4) improving the resilience of chinese herbal crops and reducing the incidence of diseases
Iv. Common problems with aroma cultivation
1. Analysis of the causes of crop failures
Environmental factors: high-temperature summer rains lead to rotting roots, outbreaks of disease or early extraction of flowers; cold winters kill young children; soil sheeting or water accumulation affect root system development。
Inadequate management: too much seeding leads to insinuation; incongruity is caused by inaccuracies; poor management of water fertilization or a preference for nitrogen fertilizers leads to long run-downs; and inclement pest control is not timely。
2. Solutions and recommendations
Solutions to different problems:
Suction protection: selection of suitable seasons to sow early in the spring and suitable in the autumn; selection of smoke resistant varieties; introduction of sun-shield cooling in the summer。
Small seed promotion: fine, low-smash, then covered with grass or sunshield; leached seedling。
Prevention of diseases: rotational practices; high-precipitation; immediate removal of strains found; timely application of protective biological agents after rain。
Skills to improve the success of cultivation:
In due course, seeding: the optimal duration is strictly based on the local climate。
• precise management: weeding during seed seasons, shallow farming; and planting of soil in the medium term in time to prevent inversion。
Balanced fertilisation: in addition to full-scale base fertilizers, a combination of fertilisation can be followed up in the medium term, with increased phosphorus fertilisation during seed expansion periods。
Rotation: avoid connecting to umbrella crops such as celery and carrots and reduce endemic diseases。
Summary
1. Importance of the cultivation of aroma
Cultivation is much more than the acquisition of a spice. It is a healthy lifestyle practice that gives you access to fresh vanilla without pesticide residues. It is a search for economic benefits that have value, both in terms of household subsistence and on a scale. It is more a cultural connection to nature, and you can understand more deeply the wisdom and nature of life that lies behind this old vanilla。
2. Encouraging practice and continuous learning
The pleasure of gardening lies in hands and observations. Do not fear the setbacks that may be encountered in the first attempt. Every new leaf's hair, every flower's flower, is an instant reward from nature. Starting with a small flower pot, there is a gradual accumulation of experience. At the same time, a learning mentality is maintained — attention is paid to minor changes in local farming, to the experience of other growers and to new methods of prevention and control of pests and diseases. May you not only reap the fragrance of the garden and its palettes, but also experience the serenity and joy of dancing with the land。
