In the last life
More than 40 years ago, the villagers of jiangjin in yunnan married and selected herbal peppers, which were scrawled in sichuan, to produce a fragrance, pure-smuggling, nine-leave green peppers. Since then, the production of nectar peppers has been nurtured through condensed production, which has significantly reduced the labour intensity of the pick-up chain, while increasing production. In recent years, the nine-leaf green peppers have been bred, purified and re-emerged, resulting in early ripening of nine-leaf greens (also known as “theatrical peppers”), with a maximum of 1,500 kilograms of acre and over 90 fragrances。
As a next step, chongqing will develop biopharmaceuticals, fragrances and fragrances, using the resources of the aerobics and specialty genetics, to provide species security for the expansion of the pepper industry from the spice industry to biopharmaceuticals, spices, etc。
15 march, yoyang hunan。
A group of villagers surrounded the paprika forest in the mountains, where one of the people in the listening community is speaking about technology. The man spoke mandarin, with a strong accent, but the villagers around him were able to listen。
The speaker, zou yong-fu, was a “earth expert” from chongqing jiangjin. It is home to the earth, but it is a true “big man” in the industry: he is one of the representative figures for the breeding of the pelicans, the research of pre-cooked green peppers, the high acreage, the high acre production, the fragrance, the high virulence, the early maturity, the market preference, and more than 120,000 acres in chongqing, hunan, etc。
A total of 28 million acres of pepper are estimated to be cultivated in the country, of which 40 per cent are green, or about 11 million acres. The size of the jiangjin district in the troubled market for peppers is not large, but its quality makes it one of our “four bests”. It's the crown of kang jin ying, han qing kampui, korea city red robe, yunnan red robe。
The quality and reputations of the shia were derived from decades of development and improvement of varieties。
The unintentional act of over 40 years ago resulted in the birth of nine-leave green peppers for the benefit of one side
Zou yong-fook is one of the newest representatives of nine-leaf green peppers. “if i had some success, it would have been the result of the haze planted by the former.” the “former” in his mouth referred to the villagers of the pioneer town, ma zhujun。
More than 40 years ago, it was the unwitting act of ma zhao who allowed jiang zin green peppers to grow from small-scale seed to breed and scale up。
Jiang jin has a tradition of planting peppers since ancient times, and it has been recorded in won dynasty for six or seven centuries now. On the coast of mauritius, a dutch merchant ship that sank more than 300 years ago found a barrel full of peppers, which still emits the scent of the words “the capital of the bayan river” (known as jiang jingu)。
But for a long time, it's been a little bit of a fuss。
“the variety of peppers was common at that time, with relatively low yields and no advanced planting techniques, low economic value and no widespread expansion.” the journalist was told by su jiaqi, a senior agro-artist of the agricultural rural commission of jiangjin district。
The turnover took place one day in 1978, when ma zhujun's brother-in-law, lyude, after he had sold citrus seedlings in yunnan, brought back a number of bamboo seedlings。
Ma zhujun brought five seedlings from his brother-in-law. He planted three of them and took two to his brother-in-law. After more than six months of marriage and selection, ma zhuong gave birth to a fragrance, pure numbness and nine diamond horns, later known as nine leaves。
“a tree produced 7-8 kilos of peanut pepper, which i took to the town of jiangjin for sale at a price of five cents/two.” ma zhujun recalled。
This price is not bad! The price of rice was only two cents and three cents per pound, and the price of pork was only seven cents per pound — a pound of pepper can be replaced by seven pounds of pork. Not long ago, family and friends and neighbors were known。
“there were neighbors who came to me for pepper seed, and i didn't have more, so i gave them the pepper fruit, and then took the seed from it and didn't grow it, and just put it in the ground.” said ma。
The benefits of green peppers were unique at the time. "good quality and acre production." this exploration by ma zhaojun soon received the attention of the government. They called on the villagers to grow, but they were unexpectedly resisted. The villagers said, “who can guarantee food for all if the harvest and business are bad?”
The people were afraid to taste it, and the government had to take the lead - in 1983, the pioneer village under the pioneer zone, began organizing its personnel to plant the green peppers in the front yard and behind the dam. The cultivation of shia ying has increased from the spontaneous behaviour of villagers to the systematic promotion of the government。
By 1990, in the pioneer town, nine leaves of green peppers entered the small-scale extension phase. Two years later, it entered the scale development phase. To date, ma zhoujun's pioneer town has planted 128,000 acres of nine leaves of green, with the title “precipts of china” as “precip national model base”, “precipient protection”。
A multi-year research on breeding varieties has led to the improvement of green peppers in jiangjin
In this report card of pioneer town, there is the contribution and credit of shaw state forest。
In 1983, the pioneer village promoted the planting of nine yates, which is a matter of concern for a newly employed forestry cadre of only 20 years of age。
From 1983 to the present, shao kuo lin has been working on the cultivation of green pepper varieties, contributing to the quality and productivity of the green peppers。
“it wasn't easy to spread at first, and from 1983 to 1998, we only managed to move from sporadic to small-scale cultivation.” shaw state forest told journalists。
In 1998, the pioneer town began the construction of a standardized pepper base and a formal start was made on the study of the nine-leaf green varieties。
At that time, green peppers were 5-6 metres tall and, together with relatively thinly planted trees, were expected to cover 8-9 square metres of land, with acre production naturally low. Moreover, because of the size of the canopy, the inconvenient use of drugs, insecticidal, etc., it is even more difficult to pick: to climb up a ladder and cut down a piece of pepper with scissors, it takes time and effort to pick up 20 pounds a day. Moreover, the hands of the villagers were often slashed in blood because of the many thorns on the tree。
According to shao guo lin, the tree is too tall, and the biggest disadvantage is poor harvesting, increased labour costs and poor daily care. In addition, larger tree crowns and larger branches result in crowding out of resources and inadequate light cooperation, which also affects production。
What do we do? Shortening is inevitable。
Shao kuo lin led the technical work. “... It was true that it was a brain drain at first, from where it started, and then it was inspired by the villagers.” he said。
It turns out that in the 1990s, a new house was built by a farm family in the village of hyolong, wu beach town, jiangjin district, which had to carry a pre-fabricated plate through a small road with peppers, which affected traffic and cut off the precipitous branches of the road. A few days later, the living precipitous tree sprouts from the cut off ground, and in the following year, the precipitous precipice was condensed, but the fruit was larger and produced more。
“we then decided to shrink by one third in the first year and by one third in the second year, and eventually to keep the tree high within two metres.” according to the shaw state forest, the trees become shorter and the area is smaller, thus increasing planting density。
At the same time as the study of condensation, the shaw state forest has also carried out a test of tung ying ying ying, with the technical support of the science and technology branch of the municipal forestry service. “it is the production and quality of the same nine-leaf green peppers that are grown at different altitudes, in different plots and in different light conditions, depending on which area produces the highest yield.” as a result of this experiment, the shaw state forest identified 22 factors affecting the production and quality of peppers, including altitude, soil composition, the length of light, planting time, plastic tectonics, etc. — a set of technical protocols that provide a basis for the production and quality improvement of green peppers。
The planting of peppers requires a “triple fixation”, i. E. The determination of the backbone, the determination of the branches and the definition of the shape. The main stem is determined on the basis of the base of the slope or flat ground; the main branch is determined on the basis of three to five branches, which are so-called three to five branches, the so-called mother and child, with more branches, the small branch is too thin and small to guarantee production; and the shape of the cast is the shape of the tree crown, i. E., the convulsion of several branches into umbrellas in september or october, and flat distribution of the whole tree crown, so that it can be distinguished, ventilated and luminous。
Using traditional methods of cultivation, “three” takes three years, and in order to reduce the period between planting and production, the “three” period has been reduced to one year by research from shaw state forest and associated personnel to accelerate its listing。
The long-term testing of seed selection and high-yielding cultivation techniques, the exploration of the shaw state forest, which resulted in the production of a full set of mature, standardized green peppers, led to the creation of a “fruit production method”, which, through the introduction of graft harvesting, reduced not only the labour intensity of the extraction chain but also increased production by about 35 per cent. In 2013, the invention was awarded a national patent for inventions。
It should be adapted to market optimization. Shi
While shao guang lin is on the path to breeding, some of the “earth experts” have taken steps to optimize their varieties through continuous planting and technological accumulation, of which zou yun fu is one。
"when i was a child, i grew nine leaves in my family. And for a long time, there were doors. Zou young-fu told journalists that he had observed the presence of traditional green peppers with a pickle and smaller fruits, which had affected production and marketing。
“how can we improve these shortcomings?” zou young-fook took care of the matter, saying, “i am a farmer with a certain basis, but there is too much to learn and find to improve the herbs.”
Since 2009, zou young-fu has been running around the mountain forests with paprika trees and has sought instruction and access to technicians. On one occasion in the field, kung fu did not have a heart, and he saw that one of the results on a nine-leaf green pepper was thicker, greener and condensed, and larger than the others, such as the treasure。
And eight years later, zou yong-fook was able to remarry, purify and re-emerge this tree. In 2016, zou yung fu's new type of green pepper acre produced up to 1,500 kg, with more than 90 scents, more than 20 greens than the traditional nine leaves; at the same time, it was more resistant to disease and only one or two metres high in post-partum plant; and 7 to 15 days before maturity。
At the end of the year, this species was certified by the municipal forestry service and named “nine greens”, while zou young-fung himself called it “prettys”, “mostly by the name of which i want to record my hard work and efforts”
“the core advantage of early ripening is its early ripening.” u ning, deputy director of the rural development service centre in jiangjin district, described the pre-established advantage of having nine leaves available in june compared to most of the pepper species in the market, on the basis of which the new species had been listed one or two weeks earlier and had undoubtedly taken the lead for the occupation of the market。
The advantages of the variety are that the early-literate nine-leaf expansion is carried out in several provinces and cities, including chongqing, sichuan, shunxi, yunnan and guizhou。
How will the papi grow? The shaw state forest analyses and predicts: “for the time being, all the country's pre-manufacturing areas have made the pepper industry the focus of the fight against poverty and rural renewal of the productive industry, with an increase in the area of `well blow-out', with the country expected to grow 20 million acres.”
This is undoubtedly an opportunity for jiangjin. On the day of the interview, shao kuo lin brought journalists to the precipice industries research and development centre in yonghua. In this connection, six research teams, including the chinese university of agriculture, the university of south-west china, the linko college of china and the municipal agricultural college, have been introduced to develop special research and development on the resources of spices, selenium function products, pepper deep processing products and the value of peppers。
Nine leaves, perhaps from here, to the new steps。
