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Knowledge innovation consists mainly of technology innovation, institutional innovation and management innovation. Among them, technological innovation is a central and fundamental part of knowledge innovation, institutional innovation is a prerequisite for knowledge innovation and management innovation is a guarantee of knowledge innovation. Knowledge innovation is a central manifestation of these three innovations and one cannot be avoided。
1. Technological innovation
In an era of knowledge-based economies, each enterprise is well positioned to develop technology development strategies and key objectives for the products concerned, to establish effective technology innovation mechanisms and to continuously upgrade its technological innovation capabilities. Thus, while accelerating their own technological innovation capabilities, enterprises need to pay attention to the following aspects: innovation as a basis for technological transformation, integration of technological adaptation and introduction with self-development; accelerated integration of enterprises with scientific research institutes; integration of technological innovation with the innovation market; and integration of technological innovation with innovation within enterprises。
However, all successful firms, without exception, pay due attention to their own technological innovation, and none of the uncompetitive firms in the market are unable to meet market demand because of their technological innovation capabilities。
2. Management innovation
Management innovation is an important guarantee of knowledge innovation in enterprises. Management innovation occupies a very important place in knowledge innovation. Other forms of innovation need to be implemented progressively through the corporate management function and at various levels. In this sense, management innovation is important in integrating and guiding coordination in enterprise innovation。
Management innovation has certain requirements for business leaders, such as an open vision for leaders, goodwill to understand and master external management information and dynamics and to learn from advanced management thinking, management behaviour and management practices; leadership needs to be sufficiently proactive, which is essential for developing an enterprise's awareness of innovation. The management innovations of modern enterprises differ significantly from traditional models and require the establishment of management mechanisms that are appropriate for the development of enterprises themselves, taking into account their own specific circumstances。
3. Institutional innovation
The enterprise system consists mainly of three levels of ownership, business and regulatory systems. The property rights system is the fundamental system for determining the other systems of enterprise, which regulates the rights, interests and responsibilities of the business owner vis-à-vis the enterprise; the business system is a set of principles governing the attribution of business rights and the conditions, scope and present scope of the exercise of power, and it constitutes the corporate governance structure of the enterprise, including mechanisms of purpose, incentives and constraints。
The innovation of the enterprise system is to bring about a change in the enterprise system that will give full expression to the rights and interests of all parties by adjusting and optimizing the relationship between the owners, operators and workers of the enterprise; and to continuously adapt the organizational structure of the enterprise and amend the rules and regulations within the enterprise so that the elements within the enterprise can be properly configured and maximize their effectiveness。
