New age mental health education. Network
The new era of mental health education in our country is sustainable, but much remains to be done. The fourteenth five-year plan for the national economic and social development of the people's republic of china and the vision 2035 framework clearly call for the improvement of the mental health and mental health service system, the strengthening of mental health education and services for children, and the improvement of the psychosocial service system and crisis intervention mechanisms. This is a further impetus to the flourishing of mental health education in our country, building happy schools, harmonious societies, healthy china's new thinking, new patterns and new directions。
Focus on mental health education in schools
Strengthening mental health education in schools is consistent with the mental development of adolescents. During adolescence, individual self-awareness developed rapidly, emotional experience was strong and unstable, and interpersonal interaction took on new characteristics. Strengthening mental health education for adolescents helps to address the problems they face in self-identification, self-control and peer friendship building, thus helping them to successfully complete their transition from childhood to adulthood. Strengthening mental health education in schools facilitates timely intervention in mental behaviour issues among adolescents. Research suggests that mental health problems affect 10-20 per cent of adolescents globally and have become a major obstacle to individual and social development. The development of psychiatric studies shows that the first onset of mental illness usually occurs at the child or adolescent stage, such as neuro anorexia, schizophrenia, and for the first time in an individual secondary school, and for the first time at the university level for mental disorders such as dual emotional disorders and depression. Mental health education in schools helps adolescents to properly understand mental disorders and mental illness, so that early detection, prevention, intervention and treatment are achieved. Strengthening mental health education in schools has contributed to education in moral and ideological politics. Moral awareness, for example, is an important component of mental health and of moral education. The moral awareness of secondary school students has reached the level of customary practice, giving greater attention to the views and rules of others; the moral awareness of university students has evolved to the level of customary practice, with a deeper understanding of social contracts and a critical stage in the development of noble moral ideals. Mental health education for young people that is in keeping with the rules of moral and cognitive development is a catalyst for the development of a good moral and moral character。
Mental health education in schools consists of three main levels: learning about mental health, raising mental health awareness and understanding mental disorders; improving the quality of mental health, enhancing social resilience and developing self-psychological potential; and using psychological regulation methods to develop mental health skills and improve mental health. The goal is to promote healthy growth and well-being of adolescents. From a more specific perspective of the objectives of the work, the following three levels of guidance can be grouped. At the general level, mental health awareness is promoted to help adolescents develop the right self-awareness, emotional adaptation methods, learning adaptability and interpersonal skills. At the specific level, adolescents with developmental psychological problems are provided with targeted psychological support from the point of view of their individual psychological development, helping them to cope with the psychological problems they encounter in their development. At the individual level, young people who may be suffering from mental disorders and mental illness are encouraged to improve their access to health care in a timely manner, to strengthen their home-school cooperation and to establish mechanisms for medical-school cooperation, and to create conditions for the early recovery of sick adolescents。
Strengthening mental health services
National mental health education in the area of health is more reflected in the combination of mental health education and mental health services and efforts to shift to mental health services. First, the strengthening of mental health services helps to combat mental behaviour problems and mental disorders, mental illness and social burdens. According to studies, the total number of people suffering from mental illnesses in the country is 173 million, of whom 158 million have never received specialized treatment. Strengthening mental health services, early intervention in all types of mental illness makes it easier to promote rehabilitation and reduce social burdens. Secondly, the strengthening of mental health services helps to raise people's sense of subjective, psychological and social well-being. At present, the people's quest for happiness has become increasingly prominent and has become an important indicator of the needs of people for a better life. However, there is not always a linear relationship between economic income and well-being, which requires that we combine multiple factors and ways to improve the well-being of the population from the perspective of strengthening mental health education and services. Thirdly, strengthening mental health education and services is a necessary requirement for the implementation of healthy china. The state council's opinions on the implementation of health china's actions clearly set out the implementation of mental health promotion actions. The strengthening of mental health education and services and the transformation of mental health and mental health education from a “care-centred” to a “health-centred population” concern the overall health level of the population and the healthy functioning of society。
Strengthening national mental health education and services, including, inter alia, the following: the first is to build a mental health information and education system, to strengthen mental health information and dissemination, to promote the improvement of mental health for all and to empower people to experience happiness and enjoy a better life. Second, the mental health self-assessment and his/her assessment system is designed to make it easier for nationals to understand their mental health status, professional interest, personal characteristics, etc., and thus to choose more responsive mental health services. Thirdly, a system of psychological counselling and counselling services has been set up, professional standards of practice and evaluation have been established, career development mechanisms for practitioners have been improved, and citizens have been helped to cope with the various psychological problems and conflicts they encounter in real life and to achieve self-help, thereby promoting psychological, interpersonal and social harmony. Fourth is the development of a system for the prevention and intervention of mental illness, the establishment and improvement of preventive, early warning and referral mechanisms for mental illness and the strengthening of psychological assistance in emergency and crisis situations. Strengthening national mental health education and services can effectively improve the level of national mental health. At the general level, “comprehensive mental health promotion and education” focuses on improving mental health awareness and wellness among the population at large, promoting their understanding of mental health and creating a “de-stigmatization” social climate. At a specific level, “actively promoting psychological counselling and psychotherapy services” is aimed at individuals with mental distress and psychological problems, making full use of the advantages of specialists in medicine, education, rehabilitation and social work and providing timely mental health services. At the individual level, “focusing on psychological crisis intervention and psychological assistance”, the organization has developed a system of psychological crisis prevention and intervention, strengthening mental health management for high-risk groups and improving the professionalism, timeliness and responsiveness of psychological assistance。
Improving the system of psychosocial services
Mental health education in the area of social construction falls within the scope of psychosocial construction, with emphasis on psychosocial services based on mental health education and services. In contrast to school mental health education, which places greater emphasis on individual psychological development, mental health services on the prevention of mental illness and the promotion of a sense of well-being, the focus of psychosocial health education and services is on fostering a good social mindset through the system of psychosocial services, i. E., promoting social order, regulation and harmonious development from the standpoint of social governance. First, a sound system of psychosocial services reflects a systemic view of mental health. Psychosocial services are fundamentally different from mental health services, and mental health is recognized from a broader perspective through the building of a system of psychosocial services. An individual's level of mental health is undoubtedly influenced by the social climate and the social environment. Secondly, a sound system of psychosocial services is an important component of the modernization of the system of social governance. A sound system of psychosocial services has helped to fulfil the important role of diverse actors in social governance, thus bringing together social consensus and synergy. Thirdly, the development of a sound system of education and services for psychosocial health is an inherent requirement for deepening the construction of “peace china, beautiful china”. A sound system of education and services for psychosocial health, as well as crisis intervention mechanisms, contributes to timely early warning of social emotions and anxiety, and to effective psychosocial counselling and crisis intervention, thereby contributing to the development of a good social mindset。
A sound system of education and services for psychosocial health includes, inter alia, the following. One is the correct social attitude service and the healthy social mood service, i. E. The timely knowledge of the public opinion and the people, providing the basis for the formulation of social policy and guiding the population towards the right social attitude and healthy social sentiment. Second, objective social awareness services and sound social impact services, i. E., leading people to overcome perceived biases, stereotypes, etc., and to develop objective social perceptions, good interpersonal relations and a good social culture. Thirdly, active social behaviour services and equitable social services, i. E. Strengthening the leadership of the core values of socialism, promoting pro-social behaviour among members of society, providing equitable social public services for different groups and enhancing social cohesion. Its ultimate goal is to foster a good social mindset. At the general level, timely information is provided on the social attitudes, emotional and psychosocial dynamics of the population, attention is paid to fostering socio-psychological attitudes and behaviours, self-esteem, rationality and positive social attitudes. At a specific level, early warning of social attitudes is being strengthened, attention is being paid to risk points in public opinion, psycho-social risk and crisis assessments are being strengthened, adverse social moods are being channelled and conflicts are being resolved in a timely manner. At the individual level, efforts are being made to improve psychological counselling and intervention for the most vulnerable groups, the prison population, the community correctional service and the ex-pensive population, as well as to develop support mechanisms for the re-engineering of the psychosocial support system, with emphasis on security protection mechanisms。
Creating new patterns at the individual, group and social levels
The emphasis on mental health education in schools, the strengthening of mental health services and the development of a sound system of psychosocial services are integrated into the mental health education system, which is the three main directions (areas) for the development of mental health education in our new era. The dynamic development of mental health education in the country requires the integration of individuals, groups and societies in charge of each other's affairs, as well as efforts to create new patterns of individual, group and society-specific mental health education。
At the individual level, there is a strong awareness that “everyone is the first person responsible for his or her mental health” and an effort to improve his or her mental health and well-being. In particular, in the field of school education, young students are expected to proactively learn about the basics of mental health, actively participate in activities that benefit physical and mental health, enhance their positive emotional, positive psychological experience, enhance their psychological resilience and psychological resilience, and learn to understand themselves correctly, overcome negative self-perceptions and enhance their sense of self-effectiveness and self-worth. In the area of health, the individual has the obligation to inform and educate on mental health, to learn about the prevention and treatment of mental illness, to develop the concept of “health first” and the correct mental health awareness, to recognize scientific criteria for psychodiagnosis, and to raise awareness of the possibility of mental disorders and mental illness causing risk to life. In the area of social construction, individuals should actively foster pro-social and volunteer behaviour, establish the right moral awareness and judgement, consciously observe social norms, respect the views of others and raise the level of opinion selection; overcome stereotypes of other social groups, view social problems and social conflicts rationally and resolve psychological conflicts in everyday life in a rational, rational and legal manner。
At the group level, emphasis is placed on creating an environment conducive to mental health and raising mental health awareness and levels of mental health among members of the group. In particular, in the field of school education, the tasks and requirements of the state and the government in the field of mental health education are fully implemented, scientific norms and appropriate mental health curricula are introduced, mental health awareness campaigns are strengthened, mental health education activities are carried out, mental health education teachers are required, psychological counselling rooms or counselling rooms are set up, communication with hospitals is improved and referral mechanisms are improved. In the area of health and hygiene, health departments and health units in all regions are concerned with the prevention and treatment of mental illness, and specific initiatives, such as the inclusion of health insurance, are needed to prevent mental illness. At the same time, mental health services are being strengthened for priority and special population groups, with early detection, diagnosis and treatment of mental and psychiatric disorders. In the area of social construction, the community (towns, streets) has a fundamental role to play in integrated governance at the grass-roots level, keeping abreast of the focus groups of the community that need mental health education and services to help them build mental health awareness, address mental health problems and improve mental health。
At the social level, mental health education is being strengthened, systems of psychosocial services are being developed and self-esteem and self-esteem, equity and positive social attitudes are being fostered. In particular, in the field of school education, it is important to maintain the unity of heart and virtue, to guide students to the proper understanding of the meanings and interests, group and self, successes and failures, gains and losses, and to align the direction of individual development with the needs of social development. In the area of health, the “stigmatization” of mental behaviour issues has been transformed at the social level through, inter alia, awareness-raising and education to promote proper understanding of mental health among members of society. In the area of social development, the establishment of a platform for social and psychosocial services at the grass-roots level is being integrated and promoted in a comprehensive manner, the provision of psychosocial education and psychosocial services for priority groups of the population is being strengthened, early warning mechanisms for the prediction of the social mentality are being improved, a multi-sectoral approach to psychosocial services is being organized, so that psychosocial promotion is closely linked to the solution of real-life difficulties, and social and psychosocial services are being developed in such a way as to make the best use of the expertise of social workers and to support their work in psychological counselling and counselling. At the same time, the social-psychological services are managed in such a way as to establish regulations and ethical standards for the social-psychological services。
(by the institute of psychological studies of the people's university of china; the centre for mental health education and counselling of beijing polytechnic university)
