Cabbage is rich in nutrients such as carbohydrates, mineral salt and vitamins, the most important leafy vegetables in beijing. The method used to grow cabbage is simple, it is easy to scale, it is easy to standardize, it is very productive, it is in high demand in the market and it is very popular with producers, and it is highly nutritious, with a variety of food methods, and it is popular with consumers. However, the production and storage of cabbage during the winter is prone to such problems as spiking, decay, atrophy, blasting balls, freezing, etc., resulting in differences in goods, high rates of depletion and high economic losses. The management of cabbage winter should be addressed as follows。
Collection in due time
When the market supply is insufficient, it should be harvested early and yield benefits early, and the optimal harvest period for large, medium and doll vegetables should be 90% maturity, high maturity and low quality. Pillery pick-ups: early harvests, low monolithic production, affect planting efficiency; but late harvests, high maturity, fissure ball and reduced commerciality; harvests are available for temporary storage in cold storage when collection standards are met and sales cannot be made in time; in order to reduce decay in the storage process, harvests should be made free of open water, which is more conducive to the preservation of subsequent products. The criteria for the collection of cabbage, medium-sized cabbage, dolls and cabbage vary, and producers should take into account marketing channels, monolithics, prices, etc., and adjust the collection criteria to consumer habits。
Focus on the commodity dimension
Low maturity, high heights, screeching, brown transformation, eutrophication, decay, pests, freezing, atrophy, etc. Are common commercial problems of winter cabbage. In parts of the city, there is a habit of growing large cabbage in december or january, mostly in hot hot greenhouses or in the front lows of the fruit-growing greenhouse. Starting with the seeding, the temperature changes are significant, large cabbage, medium-sized cabbage and dolls have long reproductive times and are extremely prone to springing. Attention should be paid to the growth of cabbage, which should be picked up early if there are signs of it, so as to avoid economic loss due to the loss of commerciality。
Cabbage is vulnerable to snails, aphids, etc. And should be prevented early. The medium-sized white menu, which is small, short-lived, of high quality and good commodity quality, suitable for household consumption with small populations, is better managed than doll food, is more resistant to disease and has a long-term short and high quality than large cabbage students, is suitable for sale in medium- and high-end markets, is suitable for household consumption, is efficient and stable and is popular with producers and consumers。
The appropriate varieties and varieties of cabbage should be selected according to the distribution channels, reasonable density and planting methods should be determined, the maturity of the harvest should be controlled by pre-harvest control, the timing of the harvest should be determined and the commercial nature of the cabbage ensured. In addition to choosing a good variety of commodities, cabbage should be sensitive to rational management of water fertilizers, as well as to moderate light to ensure its colour and appearance. Medium-sized cabbage commercial requirements: equal size of individuals, small outer layers, compact balls, yellow or light leaves, clean leaves, fresh leaves, fresh leaves, fresh leaves, abundant water, disease-free, insect-free, heartless, smoky, leaf-free, leaf-free, leaf-free。
Application of conservation technology
Cabbage is suitable for storage at temperatures of 0-2°c and 95-100% humidity. In autumn, the large cabbage stored, due to the heavy rains in autumn 2021 and the low maturity of the harvest, combined with the high water content of the large cabbage before the harvest, the snow weather during the harvest period, the poor preparation of most winter storages, the drying, sorting and pre-positioning process, the high water content of the large cabbage stored during the previous period, the high temperature, and the “injury” problem of some of the stockings, the effect of the storage, and the fact that the leaves were not removed, the decayed leaves were not removed from the bed before they were dryed, the leaves were removed, the leaves were thrown into the vaults, the leaves were thrown out, the fresh water content of the outer leaves was high, the wounds on the roots were not healed, and the storage process was left uncomforted or even decayed. Different measures should be taken depending on the availability of cabbage. Decomposition should be cleaned up in a timely manner to avoid greater losses; defunct sales should be made as soon as possible in order to avoid economic loss; and management measures such as microfrozen and small water losses could be adjusted for later storage。
Most of the stored doll dishes are of low maturity, or even only 40-50% maturity, and different management measures should be taken according to maturity to create a growth-friendly environment for those with low maturity so that they can continue to grow and do not have those that continue to grow, and can be dried。
Cabbage is not suitable for long-term storage and can be collected for short-term revolving storage at a price to be bought to increase the efficiency of planting. When cabbage loses water, it is susceptible to atrophy and its quality is reduced. Care should be taken to maintain humidity and prevent atrophy. In winter, since the commercial nature of cabbage has declined rapidly after spring, the sale period is best to be completed in mid-february, before large quantities of large amounts of cabbage come on the market, otherwise the slow marketing of winter cabbage can be problematic。
Reasonable use of packaging
Appropriate packaging modalities should be selected according to the distribution channels and distribution methods. The variety of cabbage is so diverse that packaging can include, for example, film-conserving packagings, packaging boxes, pallets + film-conservation packagings, bags, bundles, etc., but packagings with pepo film packaging materials or micro-pore-conservation bags, swath boxes, which have a certain aerobic properties and a certain humid effect, reduce the occurrence of atrophy and decay in the course of the sale and are better served by packaging. Rational packaging of cabbage should be based on the principle of avoiding fracturing blades and causing mechanical damage, as well as being conducive to wetting and having some ventilation。
Proper storage methods
The cabbage is suitable for storage in the fridge at home or in the shade. Household storage, which avoids “hot and heat” and freezes and dry leaves due to water loss, is also the main reason for the high rate of loss and loss of household storage. Because of the high water content of cabbage, during storage, the outer leaves are atrophy, eutrophication, and the core is perishable. They can be packaged first with wrapping paper and then packaged with protective membranes or bags, both to maintain moderate internal humidity and to reduce decay and decay. In cauliflowers stored in façade windows and buildings, wrappers should be used to avoid the loss of water after the wind blows and the loss of merchandise on the outer leaves, with the condition that they may contain a fresh film or be stored in a protective bag. Wang fudong, conan goose
