Foreword: looking for inspiration for writing? The chinese periodicals network has chosen the high production techniques of potatoes to inspire your reading and creativity。
Summary: potatoes are a more traditional economic and food crop in the country, with high nutritional value, rich proteins, carbohydrates, vitamins, etc., and common vegetables on the table. Potato production and quality are important for farmers and have a direct impact on the effects of cultivation. In practice, however, the availability of critical cultivation techniques for potatoes is critical to improving yields and quality, given the problems associated with planting techniques, which often lead to production and quality failure。
Keywords: potato; cultivation techniques; seed selection; landscape; seeding; field management
Potatoes, also known as potatoes, are both vegetables and food crops and are popular with consumers. The potato is of high nutritional value and contains abundant proteins, carbs, calcium, vitamins and carrots. In addition, the industrial chain of potatoes, which is relatively long and is available four seasons a year, has a significant impact on the production and quality of food tables for our consumers. However, in the process of cultivation of potatoes, there are still a number of problems with their cultivation techniques, with more adverse effects on potato cultivation. Therefore, mastery of potato cultivation techniques is key to improving yields and quality and has a good impact on potato cultivation。
1 selected species and potato processing
Appropriate varieties are selected according to local climatic conditions, soil conditions, etc., such as early potatoes, short-lived, and easily incubated early-advanced varieties for multi-coalted areas. One-season crops, due to their high latitudes, short warm seasons and long-term crop life, can only be cooked once a year, and the selected varieties should be long-lived, late-cut varieties. There is also a need to select skeletal, insect-free, non-injury-free, stymied, stymied, smooth, meat-stylish, and freshly closed troughs as a seed. The choice of a good variety is followed by the processing of potatoes, some of which are transmitted through the cultivation of potatoes, so that they are treated prior to planting. The agent can be impregnated with 1. 5h and washed with water, or 40% of the ff can be sprayed with potatoes and then dried and sowed. In addition, some bacteria are infected by the process of cutting potatoes, so that as much as possible the whole potato is sowed, and if it is to be cut, the knife is to be sterilized. Cutting blocks requires one to two buds per piece, each with an eye on the top of the tuber, which ensures the upper edge and benefits from the seeding of potatoes. For some crops with longer hibernation periods, seeding does not take place, with delayed seedlings affecting later growth, so that seedlings are required prior to seeding and can also be phased out during seeding, which will benefit the whole seedling. The seeding method is to place the seeding of potatoes between the layers of the sand layer, with a thickness of about 3 to 4 layers, at temperatures around 20°c, with care to ensure that the sand layer is in a moist state, that it normally takes about 10 days to grow, and that it sows when it grows by 2 cm。
2. Land selection and consolidation
The choice of land for cultivation is also important if production and quality are to be improved, and the selection of plots suitable for potato growth is a guarantee of production and quality. The potato should choose the location where the soil is deep, lax, well drained and flat, which ensures the nutrient absorption of the potatoes, the soil of defusing is conducive to the expansion of the potatoes, and the fertile soil is conducive to their growth and development. And it is not appropriate for plots of potatoes to be planted to be co-located, or for the upper crop to be a tomato crop. Pre-planting requires a fine-scrutinization process in which the troughs of potatoes are formed and swelled in the soil, thus requiring soil laxation and high organic content in the soil, and therefore deep tilling, usually at about 25 cm or so, followed by the application of base fattening. Basic fertilizers are essential for the growth of potatoes, accounting for 60 to 70 per cent of total fertilizer application, and are dominated by sufficiently decomposed farm fats, accompanied by an appropriate mass of fertilizer, combined with deep cultivation under the ground. The ground is then required to be dredged and then to be drenched, which is determined by its height and spacing。
3 seed in time
Temperatures are important for the growth of potatoes, so that the optimal planting period is determined, so that seeds can be sowed in a timely manner and so that the potato period is required to be at an average temperature of 15-25°c per month, which is suitable for the continuous growth of the trachea, so that the longer this period lasts, the higher the yield. As a result, in order to manage the planting time, the yoru area has generally chosen to sow between mid-april and early may, with winter harvests. The option of membrane cover is available for potato cultivation, which allows the potato to be marketed early. Care must also be taken in planting to ensure that the density is reasonably determined on the basis of such factors as variety, soil fertility, which, if too high, can affect the expansion of the chips, leading to a decrease in yields and the underutilization of the plots. The average number of plants per hectare is 75000 to 90,000。
4 field administration
The field management of potatoes is carried out in such a way as to ensure that the seedlings grow in full, small and strong, as well as in such a way as to provide seedlings and seedlings. The seedlings are uprooted, the seedlings are removed. Weeding is then ploughed in a timely manner to prevent soil sheeting and weed removal so as not to affect the growth of seedlings. When the sapling grows around 7 cm, it combines with a sapling for the first time, requiring a depth of about 10 cm. After half a month, a second medium-cropping is carried out, at which point it is not appropriate to have a shallow tillage of more than 10 cm, with a re-emergence period of third medium-cropping combined with high-breed soil, increasing the soil thickness of the cassava layer in order to improve yields and quality. Potatoes are in high demand for water fat, most of them during the flowering period, during which the soil is kept moist, which is conducive to the expansion of the troughs, and when soil moisture is found to be inadequate, the water is required in a timely manner. However, in the later stages of the potato's growth, care is taken to control the amount of water being poured, which, if the soil has a higher moisture content at this stage, can lead to the decay of the chips and, therefore, to the drainage of water in the event of rain. After seeding, the potato is grown for a longer period of time and can be followed up as early as possible in order to promote the seeding of the chips, either by using farm fats or by using a small amount of nitrogen fat to boost the increase in the surface and increase the accumulation of dry matter. The recovery of fat in the current period is dominated by potassium fat, combined with the use of a small amount of nitrogen fat, which is generally not followed in the later stages of growth, but leaves are required to be fertilized in the event of premature decay of potatoes. In order to combat potato pests, the main diseases are chronic diseases, viral diseases, haemorrhagic diseases, cyclic diseases, etc., while the main pests are aphids, with agricultural and chemical support for pest control。
Five, get in time
When the potato plant ceases to grow, most of the leaves begin to be yellow, they reach the optimal harvest period for the potato, and if it is for seed, they can be harvested early so as not to age or suffer from cryogenic frost injury. The harvest should be carried out on a broad daylight day and stopped one week before the harvest, the leaves should be removed and harvested one or two days before the harvest, with maximum effort to avoid damage to the chips and to prevent a tan in the hot sun. Potatoes must be ventilated, sunproof and frostproof after harvest, and should be hidden from the light。
By ting lianwu, jilin province stop
