Old sword note: potatoes have always been one of the popular vegetables。
Potatoes have always been one of the popular vegetables
As the year 2008 was named “year of the potato” by the food and agriculture organization of the united nations (fao) has received high international attention, potatoes have been listed among the world's fourth-largest food crops, after maize, wheat and rice, as the buried treasures of fao. People's republic of china i 2010
The document makes it clear that increased subsidies for potatoes are the only crop that is both vegetables and food, and that, as of 1 december 2010, all roads throughout the country with vehicles full of potatoes will be exempt from the cost of crossing and crossing。
I. Criteria for the selection of potatoes
The variety of detoxified potatoes suitable for cultivation in shandong is mainly dutch no. 15. The netherlands no. 7. Etc., suitable for field cultivation and protected cultivation, which is currently a good commodity for the better-established early-cooked potato varieties。
Ii. Standards for handling potato varieties
1. The selection of non-injury, non-sick, non-skin-skin-free potatoes for potato seeding instead of the traditional slice method of cracking, deformation ... Speculation, freezing, aging, deformation of chips, etc., should be resolutely phased out of the wounds that take 1-2 days to recover from the injuries before the simultaneous processing of the potato。
2. A single potato species weighs more than two dozen。
3. First, the selected seeding of potatoes is placed indoors in areas where sunlight does not reach them and the floor where the seeding of potatoes is accumulated。
Iii. Complete equipment standards
One, a piece of potatoes that chooses to grow no potato or eggplant crops before winter falls is a three-year choice for soil fertility, soil layer, deep and permeable gas, and sandy saloons full of micro-acid drainage。
2. Soils that immerse deep in the winter with mechanical capacity contribute to the optimal application of 2-5 acres of organic manure to the ground before the expansion of the chips and the application of compound manure to the sown ditch at the same time as the application of 2-5 acres of pig manure when the organic manure is low are 100 kg of urea, 300 kg of perphosphate or 70 kg of dimamine and 100 kg of potassium sulphate for the application of base fertilizer before the depth of potassium chloride is lifted. In winter, depending on the aridity of the soil, it is important to water the above standard of organic and compound fat and then to roll over the land for winter。
3. Fertilizer parameters: 5 kg pure nitrogen, 2 kg phosphorus and 10 kg potassium per 1000 kg potato production need to be absorbed from the soil at a ratio of 1:4:2 fertilization based on soil fertility。
Four, before planting in due course, check the soil with 60-80% water content, which is best suited to the natural fate of the group
Iv. Standing standards
1. The appropriate seeding shall occur at a temperature of 7-8°c at a depth of 10 cm in the soil. The suitable sowing period can be divided into 1: membrane cover: 2. Membrane + single-story archage cover: about 3 days before and after “rainwater” 3. Membrane + double-story archage can sow earlier before and after “spring”。
2. The opening of a ditch requires that a ditch between 10 and 15 centimetres deep be open in a flat field to ensure that the seed is about 8 centimetres from the top of the gutter. Small amounts of fertilizer can be applied in sown ditches when organic fertilizer is low。
3 the distance requires single-row cultivation of 70 centimetres, and double-row cultivation of about 3,800 acres at a distance of 25 centimetres and 80 centimetres at a distance of 35 centimetres。
4. The seeding requires that seedlings that have a seeding habit of treating them be disposed of in accordance with the treatment requirements and placed in a gutter to plant them in such a way that the eye benefits upwards from seedlings and seals 15-20 centimetres。
Weeding requires the application of herbicides to pre-repeated membrane to seal grass with appropriate amounts of iso-alachlor, saczines or diapentrin。
6 the membrane requires that the film should be flattened to prevent air entering the surrounding pressurized film, and that it should be subtracted to prevent wind damage。
V. Field management standards
1. Before seedlings
The field should increase the temperature on the ground. Protected areas can increase the yield of potatoes by 150-200 ml per cassiterite, with a combination of 250 ml + 250 ml bio-potassium fertilizer used by early seedlings when they develop the cedars, without ventilating the air and without boosting the water。
2. Artificially assisted diaphragm epidural cultivation of seedlings when they reach the thin membranes after seeding when you're good, you don't water it, and you can use a live source of accelerosis to spray the leaves while preventing frost-drunking, and encouraging the seedling to coordinate the growth of the leaves with the tubers
When the seed is 10 to 15 centimeters long, it's common for people to say how a seedling will produce more than three of the strongest seedlings per herd. With the exception of the small saplings below, care must not be taken to cause damage to the roots of normal seedlings, when they grow to 20 centimeters, and when the soil is low and 50% of the soil is unsealed, to water the small water in a timely and scientific manner, so that the main drip can be soaked as to promote the growth of the seedlings。
4. Peasant
When the first seedlings grow to about 15 centimeters, the first fat chase takes place at the same time, mainly with pine soil
For the second time, soil is grown to 30 centimetres of seedlings and is grown to 30 centimetres wide in combination with fat farming, creating a good cassava condition for protected areas where seedlings grow up to 15 centimetres to remove the membrane from the degraded membrane, without membrane cultivation, both to protect the growth of potatoes and to crush the weeds of the seedlings with earth。
5. Potato seedlings tend to grow at the top of the masts of potatoes from 15 to 20 days after they grow to 10-15 centimeters。
6. Following the start of the masculinity of the potato potato curry, which began to expand rapidly during the period between the masculinity and the flowering season, the key measure was around 30 days to build a assimilation system with water fertilizer for the growth of the leaves and to create conditions for the expansion of the tuber, which would require heavy water fattening for the period, if it was not raining, two to three consecutive periods of the seven-day gap between the fat water and the soil wet but no water to accumulate。
Seven, after fat
Fertilizers used are characterized by high potassium, nitrogen, low phosphorus fattening at 10-15 centimetres of seedlings at a time to ensure 30 kg/acre of nitrogen fat, 30 kg/acre of potassium sulphate fat, and 50 kg/acre of potassium sulphate at a time when the seedling grows to 30 cm. The application of nitrogen fertilizers is discontinued after the flower has been cut and leaves can be sprayed with p, k and trace elements if it is produced later。
8- biobacterial folate sprayed up to 20 centimetres with leaf-covered fertilizers for pest control is accompanied by 3-4 protection sites for young seedlings to grow up to 15 centimetres to remove the membrane from the degraded membrane without membrane cultivation of weeds that can protect the growth of the potatoes or use soil to extinguish the roots of the potato。
9. Watering
Potato requires that soil moisture be maintained at 60-80 per cent throughout the reproductive period and that drip irrigation be promoted at the best, followed by 20 tons of water per acre, which is a standard of water sprayed to keep the soil wet, but not to soak and accumulate, so that the root of the potato will be spoiled for long periods of time when it is impregnated for more than 24 hours, with a severe impact on the production of potatoes, with special attention to drainage if the root of the potato is soaked for more than 24 hours. The water must not be over the top 10 days before the harvest。
10. The use of drip irrigation can effectively control the amount of water supplied, with a high rate of instant fertilization to combat underground diseases and pests, save time for water resources, and save time for one of the best irrigation measures for potatoes at an acre cost of about $750 for 10 years。
Vi. Prevention of diseases, insects and grassland
Weeding is used only once in a routine chemical herbicide for herbicides with a seedling of potatoes up to 10-15 centimetres。
Pest control uses insecticides such as aphids, aphids, aphids, poisons, etc. For leaf spray against leaf and underground pests or for water purposes in the early childhood of aphids。
3. Prevention and treatment of potato-related diseases include, inter alia, early and evening diseases, haemorrhagic diseases, cyclic diseases, diseases, diseases, diseases, diseases, diseases, diseases, diseases, diseases, etc
Precautionary prevention measures, such as viral and physio-pathological conditions, must be used for three consecutive times every five to seven days in the cassava seedlings, for example, in the early prevention and treatment of the disease。
