Origin of species
Wild strawberries are widely distributed worldwide, with europe, the americas and asia being the three centres of origin and distribution. Europe is the region where wild strawberry resources are widely distributed and where wild strawberries are first grown. As early as the 14th century, europeans started planting strawberries in the yard, which, because of their small fruit, were mainly for food purposes. In the 16th century, wild strawberries were scalded in europe, with documentation on strawberry classification, morphology and plant management. By the end of the seventeenth century, the main crops were forest strawberries (f. Vesca) and muskberries (f. Moschata), as there was no awareness that new varieties of fruit strawberries would have been produced by hybrids。
The modern fruit-planting of strawberries (the eight-fold pineapple strawberries, f. Anassa) originated in france and originated from two eight-fold wild strawberries (f. Virginiana) and mixed offspring of the chilean strawberry (f. Chiloensis). Strawberries were introduced into europe from north america in the early seventeenth century, while strawberries from chile were introduced from chile in 1714. The chilean strawberry fruit was large, but at the time it was initially introduced in all female species, with no normal outcome and poor fruit taste. Around 1750, the french sifted out of the mixed offspring of the two, f. Ananassa, modern planting, which inherited the large fruit form of chilean strawberries, and the excellent qualities of frectuary strawberries, i. E. Cold and fragrance, which were soon introduced into the united kingdom, the netherlands and elsewhere, and gradually spread throughout the world。
In china, strawberries were introduced from abroad at the beginning of the twentieth century. China's earliest modern strawberries, dated 1915, were the “victorian” species introduced from moscow by the russian diaspora into the yangzi slope of the heilong river. At the same time, modern cultivation has been introduced by missionaries in shanghai, hebei and qingdao. Prior to the establishment of the people's republic of china, chinese strawberries had been cultivated only sporadically on the outskirts of large cities, but not on a scale. Since the establishment of the people's republic of china, strawberry cultivation in china has continued to develop, and some good varieties have been selected or cultivated in a comprehensive manner. Since the 1980s, there has been a rapid growth in strawberry production in china, with the diversification of cultivation patterns and significant improvements in economic efficiency. At the national level, strawberries are commercialized in north to heilong river, south to hainan, east from zhejiang, west to xinjiang and tibet. In china, strawberry cultivation and production are among the highest in the world. Strawberry industries have also become typical enrichment projects in the rural economy in many parts of china. Strawberries, however, are a barrier, and the use of strawberry between trees and other fruit trees, and vegetable rotations, among other things, can solve the problems and achieve better economic benefits. 5。
Form characteristics
Strawberries are multi-year saplings, 10-40 cm tall; stalks are lower than or close to the leaves, are separated and spread out yellow hair; leaves are out of three leaves, short handles, thicker in the ground, fallow or diamond shape, thin circle, 3-7 cm in length, 2-6 cm wide in width on the top, broad wedge shape of the base, side to the side to which they are grafted, edges are engraved, edges are impregnated, deep green, thin green below, obscurous hair is thicker along the veins; leaves are 2-10 cm long, thicker in yellow hair; cleavage is 5-15 cm in bouquets, with a bouquet under a bouquet mask, with a small blade of 1. 5-2 cm in diameter; pellets, slightly longer than a crotex, rectangular coilal coils, length 3 cms in length, long-clitrone, long-clitrete。
Tube
Years of grass, 10-40 cm tall. And the rods are lower than the leaves or near equals, and they are cut apart. Spread the yellow hair. Three leaves, short handles, thicker mass, egg or diamond shape, thin circle, 3-7 cm long, 2-6 cm wide, round at the top, broad wedge at the base, slant on the side, carving on the edges, extremely sharp, deep green on the top, little hairy on the bottom, light green on the bottom, uncircumcised on the back, and thick on the veins; and two to 10 cm long on the handles of the leaves, with yellow soft hair。
Strawberry flowers are organized in an umbrella line, with 5-15 flowers and a short-strengthed leaf under a mask; both sexes, with a diameter of 1. 5-2 cm; osteoplasmic eggs, slightly longer than the subtips, with an elliptical pinhead, full edge, two fractures in thin depth, with an expansion of the fruit; petal white, near or re-emergence, with unobserved claws; male and female, with 20 different lengths。
Strawberry fruit is large, 3 cm in diameter, fresh red, and contained tatters are standing up to the fruit; thin fruit is sharp, smooth. June-july。
Growing habits
Temperature
Strawberry homogenic cool climate, strawberry root system growth temperature 5-30°c, temperature 15-22°c, leaf growth temperature 20-30°c, thawing effect in 15-10°c, lumbering period temperature 5-15°c, flowering period 4-40°c. Strawberry temperatures are higher than 30°c during the summer and shades are required when sunlight is strong。
2. Light
Strawberry cultivation
Strawberries are radiant plants, but they are strong shade-resistant; they are strong when light is strong and they are short, small, dark and of good quality; they are medium-light, large, light, light, low sugar and have long harvest periods; and they grow with weak and unfavourable light。
3. Water
Strawberry root systems are shallow, evaporated and subject to stringent water requirements, but have a long life cycle. Strawberry requirements for moisture vary slightly, with morning springs and flower blossoms, and grass is less than 70 per cent of the maximum water holding capacity in the soil, each requiring a straight line of clothing. The demand for fruit growth and maturity is highest at more than 80 per cent, followed by the extraction of fresh and volatile roots, with no less than 70 per cent water content in the soil. The fall is a period of accumulation of nutrients and buds, with no less than 60 per cent soil moisture, and strawberries intolerant, requiring good soil penetration and attention to the drainage of the field's rainy season。
Soil
