Recently, a number of small farmers and flower farmers have asked questions about the planting methods of virginity and how to combat it, and some of these questions are summarized below in the post-ee-noun editors。
I. Methodology
Cultivation is often done by sowing, placing and splitting。
(i) cultivation
Vegetable seeding and breeding is divided into seed collection, gardening and sowing。
1. Collection, processing of seeds
1 seed collection. Cut the ears and pile them in the shade, so that they can be purified when they rot。
2 seed treatment. The net seed will be dryed and stored in a bag for drying, and the cryogenic sprouts may also be performed directly. Low-temperature accumulation seeding methods: a layer of 10 cm thick wet river sand is laid on the interior floor (the humidity of the river sand is held in groups with hands and loosely dispersed as appropriate), the seeds and the sand are shrunk at a ratio of 1-2 to 30 cm at height and the top layer is covered by a layer of 10 cm thick river sand, with several holes in bamboo drums for air venting; seeds are regularly checked, sands are exchanged when the sand is wet and appropriate water is sprayed after drying。
2. Land cleaning
The choice of soil fertile, transportable and water-friendly micro-acid soil plots for nursery land。
One bed to clean. At the beginning of the fall and winter, the garden was plowed once, 35 centimetres deep, not rake. This can improve soil physiology, promote soil weathering and reduce pests and diseases through winter freezers. The winter can be combined with rural winters and labour-rich ditches around the nursery, with a standard of 40 cm wide and 35 cm deep. Late in february, calcium phosphate 75 ~ 100 kg of calcium phosphate can be applied to acreage for good growth, either by applying 2000 kg of fully decomposition, or 200 kg of decomposition cake, or 80 kg of potassium sulfate-type compound fertilizer (15-15-15). After applying fertilizers, the dredge machine was used three or four times in a row in order to level the bed, to dew the soil and to evenly mix the fertilizer into the soil。
Two ditches are made of beds. The bed is made of 1. 5 metres wide, with a section 1. 2 metres wide, a ditch 0. 3 metres wide and a ditch 0. 25 metres deep. In order to avoid sunburning of young children, the nursery beds are mostly north-south, within a distance of 20 metres, with an excessive length to open a girdle, connecting the girdles, the girdles, the troughs and the troughs with a view to draining and draining water and human operation. The earth in the ditch is evenly laid on the bed to increase the fat layer。
3 microbicide. In order to prevent the outbreak of diseases and pests in the nursery area, the insecticidal plant should be planted once. Acres use 70% sodium disulfon sodium wettable powders1 - 1. 5 kg of fine soil 10 kg of soil evaporated to prevent disease, and acre use 3% of g-blanc granules 3 - 5 kg of direct pest prevention。
Seeding
In early march, dried seeds were removed and seed sifts from cryogenic sprouts were sifted out, both of which needed to be carefully selected in order to remove the mold and obtain a clean seed. Dried seed: 24 hours per hot water, 1 change every 12 hours, and lastly, 0. 1 per cent of potassium permanganate solution impregnated for 30 minutes, sowing after washing and drying. Low-temperature seed sprouts: cleaning of asphalt and live broadcasting。
It starts with a ditch, which is 30 centimetres away, two centimetres deep, and a dry-and-low-temperature seed that is sprouts separately. When seeding takes place, the seeds are spread evenly in the ditch at a distance of 0. 5 centimetres, followed by two centimetres of thin soil, water is poured through the canteen and covered with pine needles, straws, sawdusts, etc., to protect the air. After the seeding of young pyrethroids, a batch of pine needles, straws, etc., and 50% of the polymixable humid powder is sprayed with 1000 times the liquid mist and 2. 5% the brominated pyrethrin cream is sprayed with 2,500 times the liquid mist to the insect to prevent it。
Experiments have led to early and clean seedlings from low-temperature seedlings, better than dried seeds。
(ii) cultivation
The piping can be divided into hard and young。
Hard branch plugs
In february-march, a single-and-a-half-year-old wood-carrying branch is used for the preparation, extraction, post-plant management and so on。
One bed ready. A. Land as a whole. The same way in which the nursery is planted。
B. Open ditches for bed. The compartments are 1 metre wide, the ditchs 0. 3 metres wide and 0. 25 metres deep, and the length is within 20 metres. The soil on the bed of the seedlings is further fined to form a slightly higher, slightly lower back of the tortoise in the middle to prevent water accumulation. In the spring, the shades are built according to the area to be inserted, and 50% of the shades are covered by the sunnet, which must be connected with solid ropes or wires around the net and the ground to prevent sunlight from coming straight to the bed. The shelter must be strong enough to withstand the wind。
C. Sterilization. A 24-hour pre-plug with 0. 1% potassium permanganate solution。
2 plug in. This can be combined with a stymied spring to cut the outer branches of the young leaf, which have been wooded for one to two years. Side strips, side-blocks, side-plugs are, in principle, required to be completed on the same day. Intersect the branches into 12 to 15 centimetres, with 2 to 3 buds or blades, remove the next leaf, preserve the upper leaf, flat on the upper, slash on the lower, and 50 in one bundle. Using 0. 2% iba (吲哚butyric acid) solution speed base 5 ~ 10 seconds, a little bit of asphalt can be dried and piped at depths above 2/3 of the length of the plug。
3-plugged management. When the lumber is plugged in, water is quickly poured out, then 50% of the methyl sulfur fungus is sprayed with 1000-fold fluid spray, and the soil remains suitable for humidity, depending on weather conditions, to heal in about 30 days. During this period, pest and disease management needs to be strengthened by removing rotting plugs to burn or bury them at intervals of about 10 days, and by spraying the whole field with 50 per cent more than 1,000 times the amount of polymixable humid powder. Two weeks after full roots, the sunnet can be removed。
2. Small branches
In the period between 5 and july or september, the twigs of the year were used. The young branches are dynamic, cell-divisive and easy to root。
One bed ready. And a garden with hard branches. Because of the strong sun and high temperatures in the summer fall, 90 per cent of the sunnets must be used; and in the summer, the shade sheds must be solid, with stakes around them, and the sunnets fixed with wires。
2. Nutritional management of the pick-up garden. Nutritional management of the poaching grounds needs to be strengthened at normal times, with leaves being given at 0. 2% - 0. 3% potassium phosphate + 68. 75% oxyphenol manganese zinc 1,200 times the fluid during the first 10 days of the poaching sprays are sprayed once, five days later, and once in the event of a drought, water is pouring into the water, so that the young leaves and the chaste groves are bred, and the branches are strong, alive and infested。
3 plugs. The branches collected are placed indoors and are often sprayed to keep them wet to prevent dehydration. Indoors cut the branches to 8 to 10 cm long, leaving two leaves and 50 to 1 bundle to remove the young part of the top. Abt root powder or iba (吲哚butyric acid) 1,000 times the fluid at the lower speed, which can be plugged in at a slight drying. The pre-plug is perforated with a wooden stick of the same size as the pre-plug, which is inserted into the perforation and is physically pressed by hand. When the lumber is plugged in, water is quickly poured out and 1,000 times more liquid spray is used than 50 per cent of the filamentable powder. On each end of the bed, a "ten" frame is made of two metres long and two centimetres wide, a small arch, covered with two metres wide membranes, with stones pressed around, and a 50 per cent layer of sunnet。
4 post-insert management. The management of temperature and humidity in small arch sheds is the main concern. Within 30 days of the plug, the relative humidity of the air in the small archer shall be maintained at over 90% and the soil shall contain about 60% of the saturated water and the temperature shall be controlled at below 38°c. To reduce evaporation, leaf spray can be used to increase the relative humidity of air. When she begins to have roots, she can properly ventilate and reduce her soil water content. When the virginity of the leaf is fully rooted and 50 per cent of it is ready for seeding: first to open one small arch, three to five days before the other; and in three to five days to remove 50 per cent of the sunnet from the film and small arch, and in two weeks to remove 90 per cent of the sunnet from the shade. During this period, a 10-day interval between the burning or burial of rotting and the spraying of the whole field with 50 per cent of the methio-sulphate humid powder 1,000 times more liquid. In winter or spring, seedlings are moved to fields。
(iii) divisiond reproduction
In the spring, a strong and strong leaf-bearing virginity plant is chosen, divided from its roots and then watered and developed into an independent plant。
Ii. Shrimp management
1. Small seedlings, seedlings
The planting of seedlings can take place in two stages: the first, when the seedling is 5 to 10 cm tall, is filled with seedlings, with small tipping shovels that will lightly dig up the dense area of the nursery and then replant it in a thin spot (or a field to be planted), and both the original seedlings and the moving fields should be ploughed; the second, for seedlings, take place about 15 days after the first seedling. The saplings shall be subject to the principles of “smallness, smallness, superiority and equilibria”。
2. Pine soil weeding
Pine weeding should take place when it becomes operational after irrigation or rain. The thickness of the pine soil shall be shallower than the thickness of the ground, so that the seedbeds, girdles, gutters, ravages can be sowed with hoists, shovels can be soaked and the soil can be soaked, and small tippings should be used to remove the weeds from the pyrotechnic fields and water the loose trees. Weeds are cut once every half month in july and once a month in september, reducing weeds and seedlings for light, water and fat, and promoting their growth。
3. Fertilizer management
Rational irrigation is a prerequisite for normal growth and development of seedlings. Before and after the planting of seedlings in the spring, the irrigation takes a small number of times during the dry season, depending on weather conditions; during the rainy season, care should be taken to clear the gutters; during the summer drought, the number of times should be increased and soaked; in the autumn, less water should be poured; and in winter, water should not be poured. In the months of june and august, a combination of water can be applied to fattening: 5 to 10 kg of urea per acre for seedlings, while water is soaked and cleaned to avoid the burning of seedlings and causing loss of fertility; 0. 2 per cent ~ 0. 3 per cent of potassium phosphate water solution is applied to poaching seedlings; 15 days and 1 time between both methods of fattening can effectively contribute to the growth of seedlings. Following 15 august, urea was discontinued and potassium phosphorus fertilizer was applied in small quantities in order to promote woody and safe winterization of young trees。
4. Pest management
The main diseases of the virginity of the leaf are anthrax, foliage, powder, etc., which can be sprayed with 80 times the humid powder of 65 per cent dynasty. Insects include aphids, tigers, etc., which can be killed by 90 per cent of the crystal trichlorfon 1000 times the fluid or by 2500 times the shroud spray。
Iii. Cultivation management
In addition to conventional management of water fertilizers and farming, the chastity transfer of leaf is carried out at the beginning of the winter and spring and is based on different management measures for different cultivation purposes: if a green fence is grown, it is managed in a general manner, and if it is mainly in a spherical form, the seedlings are then transferred, and care is taken to trim the upper part, to cultivate it horizontally and to have a full spherical shape; if a wave shape is to be cultivated, it should be trimmed to form the whole wave shape according to the position of the height。
