# when spring tilling #
In the planting of tomatoes, especially sporadic cultivation, it has been managed for a long time. Thus, even in high-value years, where tomatoes are found, they do not yield well because they are poorly managed and poorly managed, and diseases and pests are severe. As a result, the mere planting of tomatoes has lost its economic value。
At present, with the development of the market economy, the demand for tomatoes has increased dramatically, in order to adapt to market-based economic development, standardized management has been carried out in the field of the cultivation of tomatoes, scientific management of water fertilizers, plastic surgery of tomatoes and, above all, integrated pest control of tomatoes. According to the occurrence of the tomato tree, although there are as many as a few dozen more common pests, the tomato tree is dominated by five pests, namely, tomatoes, anthrax, tomatoes, and platinum。
It is not difficult to combine the “five” common pests and pests at the height of the three farmers in this paper to share with you their experiences in the cultivation of tomatoes. Use as a reference would promote high-yielding tomatoes and better cropping benefits。
I. Integrated measures for the prevention and control of tomatoes
There are two main types of tomato foliage, namely, angular and circular. Tomatoma is mainly found in leaves and tomatoes that are harmful to tomatoes and gents, causing the early fall of the tomatoes when the disease is severe, affecting yields, weakening the tree position and leading to tomato madness. In addition to causing early leaf fallout, the occurrence of tomato chromosomal diseases can lead to early red fallout, softening of tomatoes and the induction of tomato madness。
On the basis of the pattern of morbidity, there is a strong link between the occurrence of tomato foliage and rainfall. In may-august, there were early rains and heavy rains, which contributed to a large proportion of the incidence of foliage。
Integrated agricultural management approaches: first, strengthening cultivation management, enhancing tree positions and increasing the resilience of trees can effectively reduce the occurrence of multiple pests and diseases。
When the tomato tree enters the hibernation period, it is necessary to completely remove the dead branch, leaves and the disease that is hanging on the tree, to concentrate on burning or deepness and to reduce the hazards left behind by the sick and the sick. Experience has shown that, in our northern part of the country, the complete removal of tomatoes can largely prevent the occurrence of tomato-plains。
It should be noted that the relocation of tido, who is highly susceptible to lurking diseases, should be avoided。
Chemical control: following the flowering of the tomato tree in mid-june, a large number of cystals were sprayed once before the dispersion of the crumbs, which could effectively combat the disease before it could be prevented. In late june and early july, 20-30 days after the flowering, the spraying began. The following medicines are available: 1:5:400 ~600 bordeaux, 70% mettorod 800 ~ 1,000 times, 50% mggg. 800 times, 65% desemic zinc 600 times。
Ii. Comprehensive measures to combat anthroat
Tomato anthrax increases winter with myceloids in the spores, some of them in fruit, leaf marks and winter sprouts. In the early spring and summer of the following year, the formation was divided into production and first slow infections were introduced through wind and insects into new slots and fruits。
Tomato anthrax is mainly a bad fruit and a fresh start. When the fruit is sick, it starts with a small spot of tan to black and brown needle sizes, which later gradually expands to a near circle of dents in the dark, with a slightly ringed grey to black spot in the middle of the disease. When the air is damp, a pink sticky spasm can gush. The fungus enter the cortex and form a black hard block. It causes the baking, easy to fall off。
New cases begin with small black dots, then expand the elliptical brown spots, dents in the centre and produces small black particles, which can also gush out pink viscos when damp. The disease is 10-20c long, and the wood under the disease is decayed, easily broken, and the branches die in severe conditions. In the event of an illness, it can continue to suffer until the harvest。
Integrated agricultural prevention and control methods: in conjunction with winter trim, cutting the disease, and care to remove the disease and fallout. During the growth of the tomato tree, the branches and fruit of the disease are cut off. Intensive or non-hazardous treatment has effectively reduced the source of infection。
Chemical control methods: 5° bethrophates sprayed before the bud; microbicides and protective agents started in mid-june during the growing season, the number of sprayings was determined by the degree of occurrence and climatic conditions, and the incidence of severe diseases and heavy rains was generally about five times。
Optimal agents: 1:3,300 bord, 53. 8% can kill 1,000 times the 2000 dry suspended agent, 50% of the fungus special humid powder is 1,000 times the liquid, 80% of the bulk m-45 humid powder is 600 times the liquid, 70% of the methyl tobuzin humid powder is 800 times the liquid, and 50% of the more than indignant humid powder is 800 times the liquid。
Iii. Comprehensive corporation and control of tomostin
Tomatoworms are also known as boreal boreals, mainly for pest trees. Tomato larvae, usually larvae, larvae and filamental mixtures, early yellowing and softening of the victim's fruit, which is commonly known as the “tomato baker”, are the main pests of the tomato. It is usually the case that more larvae are converted in the high temperatures of rain, and that tomatoes are severely affected, resulting in a significant reduction in the production of tomatoes。
Integrated agricultural prevention and control methods: winter and spring scraping of old larvae, effective eradication of winter larvae, combined with whiteing to prevent the remnant of larvae and plume into insects; late june to early july, removing and collecting larvae as much as possible to reduce the source of insects; before the larvae rises to winter, weedings on the trees and burning them in the clearing of gardens, with fewer insects。
Pharmacological methods: in the case of spraying control during the infestation of adult insects and after the hatching of larvae, the following options are available: 30% of peptery 1000 times, 2. 5% of pyrethrin 3,000 times, 2. 5% of kung fu cream 3,000 to 5,000 times, 20% of cleaning up 2,500 to 3,000 times, etc。
Iv. Comprehensive corrective corrective measures for the piece of announcements
It's called the tomato headworm. In particular, the larvae larvae are used to kill tomatoes, as well as the larvae, so that all of the leaves can be eaten when the harm is serious, causing the tomato tree to germinate for a second time and affecting its normal growth and production。
Integrated agricultural management methods: rocking and killing larvae during the larvae's occurrence; spring farming combines to flip out the larvae and pick them up; and minimizing the source of the insect。
Chemical control methods: chemical control in a timely manner in the early stages of larvae, with the option of a pharmaceutical agent: 2. 5 per cent of the enemy killed 3,000 times the cream or 2,000 times the larvae 3 suspension; 40 per cent poisoned 1,000 times the emulsifiable emulsion, 2 per cent smoke-alkali emulsion, 800 to 1,200 times the fluid, 0. 3 per cent in print emulsed emulsion, 1000 to 2,000 times the fluid, 1 billion pib/ml in silver moths, 1,000 times the liquid suspension of the polygonal virus, etc., to be effectively sprayed with instructions。
V. Comprehensive corrective corrections of the hope of the potentry
It's called tomato lice. It is mainly for the seedlings, the leaves and the fruits of the tomatoes. If the best conglomerates of worms and insects occur beneath the fruit and in the gap between the tomatoes and the fruit. The scene of the murder was initially yellow and green, which gradually spread to black spots, softening the fruit early and reducing the yield and quality of the fruit; after the murder of the young branch, it formed black spots on the branch, causing severe death; and when the leaves were damaged, they were deformed and fell early。
It should be noted that the first two generations of the pests suffered mainly from one to two years of estrangement, while the second generation suffered most from the second generation。
Integrated agricultural control methods: in addition to integrated control measures such as clean gardens, the protection and use of natural enemies, such as black-coloured ladybugs or red-snip ladybugs, can be effective in reducing this pest by strengthening the quarantine of trees without the introduction of insects and trees。
Medicine control methods: pre-premature spraying of 3-5-bethrophthalms to eliminate winter insects; pre-flowing of tomato leaves, pre-flowing of larvae before insects become larvae, and spraying treatment, with the following options: 3-5-b-thiophthalms, 48 per cent of losborne emulsifiable concentrate, 1,000 times liquid, etc., can be used to treat the disease with instructions。
In summary, the combination of the “five” common pests and pests during the planting of tomatoes can be effective in promoting the production of tomatoes。
