In recent years, a growing number of food products have been labelled as “silver” and various herring foods, such as rich rice, rich eggs, rich tea and rich fruit, have been followed. What do you know about selenium? What exactly is selenium? What does it do to our bodies? Does it do much good
Today, we come together to understand these issues of concern to all。
I. What is selenium
Selenium is a chemical element, chemical symbol se. In 1973, american scholars found that selenium was an essential component of the scyte peroxide enzymes. At the same time, the koshan disease prevention and research group of china found that selenium deficiency was the main cause of the outbreak, that selenium supplementation was effective in preventing acute outbreaks of kyama disease, and that selenium was, for the first time, a necessary trace element in the human body. In 1988, the china nutrition society listed selenium as one of 15 daily diet nutrients。
In nature, selenium exists mainly in the form of selenate, selenate, monomerium and organic selenium following the transformation of organisms. Selenium is mainly present in organisms in the form of organic selenium compounds, i. E. Selenium-containing acids, and selenium-containing proteins。
What are the health effects of selenium
The vast majority of selenium entering the body is combined with protein, known as "silver-containing protein". Twenty-five selenium-containing proteins have been detected in the human body. It has been reported in the literature that selenium plays an important role in the prevention of cardiovascular disease, anti-tumours, anti-virus and anti-age。
1. Antioxidation
Selenium is a component of several antioxidation enzymes that can maintain the normal physiological function of cells and tissues by removing activated oxygen and peroxide lipids and reducing the adverse effects of free radicals on organisms. As a result, selenium plays an important role in slowing the ageing process and improving health in old age。
Immunization
Selenium is present in almost all immune cells. Neptunium affects the three regulatory mechanisms contained in the immune system, namely, cellular, body fluid and non-specific immunization. The proper addition of “silver” to patients on tumours in clinical settings is an effective means of improving the immune function of patients。
3. Regulating thyroid hormones
Endodine enzymes in the thyroid are selenium proteins, and thyroid glands not only have the highest iodine levels but also the highest selenium levels compared to others. Selenium plays an important role in maintaining the balance of the thyroid immune system。
Detoxification and detoxification
The combination of selenium and metals is strong. The combination of selenium protein with many heavy metals in the body, such as mercury, lead and cadmium, creates a metallic mercuric protein complex, which is partly resistant to toxic substances and provides an understanding of toxic detoxification。
5. Ensuring male reproductive health
For men, selenium promotes sperm formation and development and maintains normal reproductive functions. Adequate intake of selenium is important to maintain the health of the male reproductive system。
Iii. Is your daily intake appropriate
Numerous studies have shown that the lack of selenium will increase the risk of disease associated with disease. So how much selenium should be consumed in the daily diet of chinese residents to meet the need to maintain body growth and normal physiological functions
According to the most recent data published in china's food nutrition reference intake (2023 edition), 60 μg/d of selenium per day for young people and adults over 12 years of age meets normal physiological needs of the organism; 65 μg/d and 78 μg/d for pregnant women and nursing mothers respectively; and 25 μg/d, 30 μg/d, 40 μg/d and 45 μg/d per day for children, depending on their growth and development characteristics and nutritional needs for selen。
Iv. How to scientific refirmation
1. Increasing food diversity
The normal population is able to take enough selenium without special supplements, provided that it does not eat, choose and have balanced nutrition. The main food content of chinese residents is in the fruit < vegetable > poultry meat < cereal < egg milk > aquatic. As the food intake of our population is supported by cereals, vegetables and meat, proper intake of aquatic and egg milk food is possible。
Foods rich in selenium are shown below:
The amount of selenium in common food
2. Deterrence of blinding selenium
Refilling selenium is necessary, but it cannot be added. The threshold for selenium is lower in humans from beneficial to harmful, and the demand for selenium in humans is “one step away” from the amount of selenium poisoning, which is filled with minor care. There is also a u-curve between the levels of selenium in the human body and the occurrence of some diseases, and overcompensation of selenium carries the risk of causing diseases such as type 2 diabetes and cancer。
The maximum daily intake for adults is 400 μg/d. The maximum daily intake of selenium for children and adolescents is lower: 120 μg/d, 150 μg/d, 200 μg/d, 300 μg/d and 350 μg/d, respectively. If it is not possible to determine whether it needs selenium supplementation, it is recommended that a detailed examination be conducted at the hospital to determine whether it is necessary. The intake of selenium can be increased by the rational use of selenium supplements, selenium bionutrient fortifications, etc., for populations with selenium deficiency or populations in poor areas。
In any case, the most important thing is to compensate for selenium, depending on the body's needs, the amount missing and the quantity added. It's important not to be blindly joined in the "silver reinsertion army"。
