Strawberries are also known as strawberry, groundberries, fruit, redberries, and so on. Strawberry-shaped, colourful, fruit and meat pink, saline sweetness, fragrance, nutrient-rich and famous fruit queen. The technique of strawberries cultivation is described below。
1 chongqing strawberry picker selection
(b) the selection of large-scale fruit strawberry varieties for periods of shallow hibernation, such as chun-hyang, fragrance, mingbao, kuen, chuen, shindu 1, shindu 2, new stars, etc。
2. Cultivating seedlings
In mid-august, a robust seedling of strawberry runners, which had grown earlier, was selected for transplantation to an open bed or plastic scavenging. The soil of the nursery bed or earth requires water conservation, ablaze and, after transplantation, cover the sunnet to cool. Strawberry should be followed by proper management of fatty water, and the sunnet should be removed in september in time to prevent it from growing。
3 solid planting
Pre-planting, combined with a total area of 667 m2 fertilizers ranging from 3,000 to 4000 kg, a complex of 50 to 60 kg fertilizers, 1 m wide (gauge) and 25 to 30 cm deep in canals, a face-covered membrane and 6 m wide standard sheds. In mid-september, holes were planted in the membrane, with a distance of 25 cm x 20 cm per plant of about 7,000 units per plant of 667 m2. And when it is established, it shall set the course towards the edge of the ditch, and it shall be laid deep in the neck and the earth, and it shall not be buried in it。
4 chongqing strawberry picking field management
4. 1 temperature management
In mid-october, membrane temperature protection was introduced with double-film coverage. At the beginning of the planting period, 25 to 30°c was maintained during the day, at no less than 12°c at night, at no less than 20 to 23°c during the day and at no less than 5°c at night, with a relative humidity of around 50%。
4. 2 fertilizer water management
Strawberry fruit, which is in high demand during its expansion period, can be watered by drip irrigation, keeping more than 7 cm of soil wet. Controlled by the principle of fertilisation, the planting of live trees and the application of 0. 5% compound fertilizers, followed by the recovery of approximately 20d and one more time, may be used to obtain extra-grain fattening of 0. 2% potassium phosphate plus 0. 4% urea solution based on strawberries。
4. 3 plantation adjustments
Strawberries should be removed in a timely manner for the long term from the runners, the leaves, the sick leaves and the flowers left behind. Each strawberries contains two to three staminas, removing the remaining salines in time for the removal of the lower-level bouquets。
4. 4 plumbing fruit
During the flowering of strawberries, flowers are painted with a pencil from 8 to 9 a. M., which can significantly increase yields and commercial fruit rates. It would be better to plant bees in the shed for supplementary pollination. The application of 10 mg/kg red toxin solution to strawberry first-heart growth and flowering, respectively, has a significant effect on production, while improving the quality of fruit。
4. 5 lighting
On winter holidays, a 60-ww light cannon is provided every 1. 5 m in the shed for heating and maintenance of the minimum temperature in the shed at around 5°c, with a pick-up period of about 20 d in advance。
5 pest management
High temperatures and humidity in the sheds provide an extremely favourable environment for the occurrence of pests and diseases. Integrated pest and disease management is key to achieving a high yield of strawberries. Due to the high temperature in the shed, the medication should be administered at a temperature of 18 to 22°c and 50 to 60% humidity before 10 a. M. Or after 3 p. M. Insecticide with fumigants can be performed at night at temperatures not exceeding 15°c。
5. 1 diseases
5. 1. 1 leaf spots
(1) symptoms of morbidity: leaf spots, also known as snake eye diseases, mainly affect strawberry blades, leaf handles, fruit infarction, runners and seeds. After contracting the disease, the leaves form a small, dark purple spot, which is expanded to form a near circle or elliptical spot, a periphery of purple brown, central gray, slightly fine wheels, so that the whole spot is a snake eye and the spot does not form small black particles. (2) method of prevention: timely removal of leaves and leaves, treatment of 70% of bacterial wettable powder 500-700 times at the beginning of the onset of the disease, or treatment of 75kg spray at 70% disembowelable powder 200g of disembowelable zinc per 667m2 and one more spray at 10d。
5. 1. 2 powder disease
(1) symptoms of morbidity: powder disease is a major threat to the leaves and can also be an attack on flowers, fruit, ointments and leaves. The leaves are cut in the spoon form; the buds and petals are cut in purple red, cannot bloom or bloom in full, the fruits are not bloated and thin; the young fruit is cut out of light and hardened, and the recent ripening of strawberries loses its commodity value. (2) method of prevention and treatment: focused spraying of 0. 3 peso-sulphuride in and around disease centres; cutting of leaves throughout the garden after harvest, spraying of 70% of 1,000 times methyl tobuzin or 50% of debacterizer 800 times and 30% of ttuf 5,000 times。
5. 1. 3 ashilosis
(i) symptoms of morbidity: plasma is the main disease after strawberry blooms and can endanger flowers, petals, fruit and leaves. The growth period is characterized by the emergence and expansion of brown spots, which are softened, corrupted and severely affected production. (2) method of prevention: between the flowering period and the present fallout, 25% of more than 300 times the filamentable powder, 50% of more than 800 times the grambico-dane humid powder, 50% of more than 500 to 700 times the spray control。
5. 1. 4 root diseases
(1) symptoms of morbidity: after the plant has contracted the disease, it begins with the lower leaf, the lobe becomes tan, progresses upwards and lasts until the leaf dies. Strawberry root pillars have become black and brown and corrupt, and the central pillar is red. (2) method of prevention: before strawberries are removed, 40% of the platinum powder 600 times the fluid, then the soil is covered and then the plant is removed, which can effectively kill the fungus in the soil, reduce the source base of field bacteria and reduce transmission opportunities。
5. 1. 5 yellow atrophy
(1) symptoms of morbidity: the disease is endemic, with the main symptoms being foetal malformations, yellowing of the foliage, roughness of the foliage, followed by browning of the foliage into the interior until death. (2) method of prevention and treatment: strict selection of non-pathic plant cultivation to reduce the length of renewal; soil disinfection with chloropicrin 13. 5-20l or solar cover of thin membrane; timely removal of the sick strain and its burning outside the field。
5. 2 pests
5. 2. 1 aphids
Aphids extract strawberry juice, which hinders fruit-bearing and discharges pollute leaves and fruit. Also, aphids are vectors for transmission of the virus. Leaves should be removed in a timely manner and weeds should be eliminated; 50 per cent of the acetylene fog should be sprayed 2,000 times before flowering, and one to two times。
5. 2. 2 red spiders
In the early stages of foliage, there was a small grey spot, which was then gradually expanded to cover the entire leaf with white tatters, cedars, and shrunk plants, seriously affecting growth. At the onset of the raisin, 0. 3-perimetric thiomer-sulphides control can be administered, one more time at 7d, and 20 per cent co-exercise occurate 5,000-8,000 times more at 5d. Pesticides are banned two weeks before the harvest. Http://www. Cqcaomei. Com/
