In november, the temperature began to enter a period of intense volatility, with lower temperatures, and the management of vegetable sheds also needed to be adjusted in time to ensure their quality and production。
Management measures after reduced vegetable temperature after autumn
(1) raise the temperature of day and night to promote nutritional accumulation
After the fall, vegetables, such as tomatoes, eggplants, cucumbers and so on, enter a critical period of nutritional growth and reproductive growth, and once poorly managed, it is very easy to plant a plant without or with too many fruit。
To balance nutrient growth with reproductive growth, temperature regulation is first. Especially in the case of vegetables in the early stages of life, where the plant is not fully grown, it should maintain the right temperature and contribute to the acceleration of nutritional growth。
In vegetable cultivation, high day and night temperatures can promote organic nutrient accumulation and increase vegetable production。
The supply of vegetable organic nutrients is mainly based on leaf blades, and the temperature at 28-30°c during the day is the most suitable for photocosm, with the highest photocosm rate and the highest organic nutrients。
Respiration is another major factor influencing accumulation of nutrients, and attention should be paid to reducing night temperature, reducing respiratory consumption, and promoting accumulation of nutrients. Growing the temperature differential between day and night, it is important to take advantage of environmental conditions, to increase the temperature differential between day and night, and to promote nutrient accumulation。
The temperature of the shed should normally be kept at 30°c during the day, at 15°c at night, and at around 10°c。
(2) early prevention of fissure of fruit
With lower temperatures and increased humidity in the sheds, the vegetative fissures in the sheds have reached a high level. The fissures are particularly marked on the cucumber-free, tomato, pepper. The root cause of the fissure of vegetables is the fact that the growth rate inside the fruit is not synchronized with that of the bark, and there are a number of direct reasons, such as inappropriate ventilation, drastic changes in temperature and humidity, drug hazards, lack of boron, etc., for early prevention。
1 rational ventilation, avoiding overwinding and rushing
The weather is getting colder, the day and night temperature in the shed is very different, with temperatures above 30°c during the day, and the temperature can drop to about 15°c at night, with a high relative humidity, and a high degree of condensation of fruit and leaves. And the autumn wind is more weathery, and in the case of the fruit surfaces, if the morning airs suddenly, the surface water evaporates quickly, and the dry moisture changes too quickly to cause cracks and even figs. So, it's important to stay out of the air. When the morning temperature is 27 ~ 28°c, the face of the fruit drops and then ventilates, which helps reduce the fibrosis。
2 timely leaf harvesting, reduction of fruit surfaces
The timely removal of the leaves around the fruit can avoid the flow of dew from the leaves to the face of the fruit, and increase the ventilation of the lower plant and reduce the incidence of disease。
3 rational watering
When the next fruit is going to be harvested, the upper fruit of the plant is in the middle of a season or expansion, and there is still a need for an adequate supply of water fertilizer to increase production. So, once the vegetables enter the bulge period, you have to catch up with the soil conditions in the shed to get fatter, make sure that they are not damp, not too much water fat, and use the word "baby" in order to avoid drought and flooding as much as possible。
4 time and concentration of spray
Autumn, while the spray is protected from disease, it takes time and concentration. If the temperature is high at the time of the spray or if the spray is scheduled for noon, the fluid is volatile, the concentration of the fluid left over the face is rapidly increased, and the skin is fractured to form a fissure. So, the spray can take place after the ointment of the morning and try not to spray at noontime. It is also necessary to have reasonable knowledge of the concentration of the agent and not to mix the pesticide with a view to preventing the fissure of the fruit as a result of the poisoning。
5 plus boron and calcium
The low calcium and boron levels in the soil also contribute to the aging of the fruit sheet, and it is recommended that the leaf face fattening with trace elements such as boron, calcium and so forth be periodically sprayed to make the skin more resilient and resistant。
One of the reasons for the fissures is the dramatic changes in temperature in the shed, which is caused by the fact that the outside air blows the fruit directly after entering the shed. In order to prevent this from happening, the installation of a transvestite film in the shed (also known as a windshield) is a better solution. The ventilator is not only set at the top, but also on both sides。
(3) early prevention
High temperatures and low humidity in the fall sheds, with relatively low incidence of disease, mainly to prevent frost, bacterial horny, target-marking, powdery, anthrax etc. In melon vegetables, as well as grey leaf-leathing in eggplant vegetables, anthrax, powdery, leafy. It's getting harder and harder to treat the disease in the shed. Therefore, there should be timely pharmaceutical control along with environmental regulation。
The winter management point for the vegetable shed
In winter, light and temperature were reduced in the sheds, and the vegetables were generally weak in some of the sheds, in the form of thin tubing and yellowing. The following should be done:
(1) lightening
The winter light is weak, and when it comes to snowy weather, many vegetable farmers don't open their sheds all day, resulting in no light for vegetables in the shed, no normal cooperation, no normal breathing of vegetables, much more nutrients consumed by a respiration than those produced by foliage co-operation, and for a long period of time, not only a thin tubing, but also an impact on flowering sitting fruit。
In this environment, it is necessary to try to remove the straw curtains, to extend the light time for vegetables, and to clean up the dust from the sheeting film in a timely manner, to increase the light rate of the sheeting film, with the conditions to add light to the light in the shed, or to spray the plant against the cold。
(2) temperature
As external temperatures continue to decline, nighttime temperature in the sheds becomes the top priority, with different levels of temperature required for different vegetables, and at different stages of the growth of the same vegetables, the temperature of growth varies, and the nighttime temperature in the sheds should remain within the range appropriate for vegetable growth, which is most reasonable。
In the case of tomatoes, the night temperature is 10 ~15 °c for seedlings and 15 ~20 °c for flowering results. The night temperature of the cucumber is 13 ~ 15 °c。
The seedling plants grow rapidly, at relatively low temperatures at night, and when they enter the flowering season, they require a certain temperature guarantee for the sprouts and fruit growth, so the temperature is higher。
At the same time, the night shed temperature is 5 ~6 °c lower than the soil temperature, while most vegetable roots are above 10 ~12 °c and suitable for 20 ~25 °c. Vegetables are the most sensitive to temperature for many factors in the growing environment。
So, in the cold seasons, in order for the vegetables to grow robust and productive, the first priority is to regulate a reasonable temperature environment。
(3) rooting
Deep enough to grow, root systems are the basis for growing plants, and only when they are grown can they grow。
In winter, the temperature is low, the roots of the vegetables are poorly active, and the ability to absorb the fattening of the water is diminished, which can easily lead to a weakening of the plant. The purpose of the roots is to make the roots and sides grow well, to increase the depth and breadth of the roots, rather than to create more hairy roots。
The main measures to promote the growth of roots and sides in day-to-day management are:
The elements of phosphorus, calcium, zinc, boron, etc., which are sufficient for root growth, meet the needs of the pointer for rapid growth, and accelerate growth of the root and side roots;
(a) properly managed water, which attracts roots to deep-soil growth with sufficient moisture;
Late membrane cover avoids the presence of subsurface soil conditions that are suitable for the growth of subsurface hair, thereby affecting the main and side roots. So that deep nutrients and moisture attract the main and side roots down, so that strong roots can be formed。
The use of more hormonal fertilizers is taboo。
Using more hormonal fertilizers, it's obvious that vegetables will grow in the later stages, but they're not worth it. So you can use some of the fertilizer that protects the roots, like biobacterium, crustaceans, algae acids, that really makes the roots grow。
In the pursuit of fat, it is best to choose fully water soluble fertilizers and the functional fertilizer for rooting (e. G., a strong series), to water the water with great water, and to do so under the membrane。
(4) compensation
The roots and leaves of the vegetables are interdependent and mutually reinforcing, i. E. The roots of the leaves, the leaves of the roots. Vegetable leaves are luminous nutrients, which are sent down to the root, so that the roots can grow and grow, and the roots grow, which in turn boosts the absorption of mineral nutrients and strengthens the growth of the plant. It's possible to spray full-nutrient folate, to replenish, and to increase the resilience of plants。
In the case of weak vegetable stasis due to long students, control of long agents, such as sodium nitronol, condensant, and nails, may be selected, but the concentration of use and safety intervals must be maintained to prevent excessive control。
