The suitable planting time for the berry in mid-november or mid-march, before the park was built, the land was levelled and the farmer's fertilizer 2000-4,000 kg/acre was applied. Cultivation is carried by a band with a line distance of 2 m and a range of 0. 4-0. 8 m. Two to three fats per year, mainly nitrogen fertilizer, with appropriate application of potassium phosphorus fertilizer and water during the summer and autumn drought. Treeberries are warm and wet environments that require good dispersive light and less stringent and adaptive soil requirements。
I. Cultivation of treeberries
1. Environment: berrys are usually born in mountains, semi-mountain streams, hill slopes, forestsides and rocky piles, flourishing on waste slopes or after burning under gills, oil and tea forests, preferring warm and wet environments, requiring good light to disperse light, less stringent soil requirements, more adaptive, and better growth in soil fertility, strong water fertility, and well drained micro acid soils。
Outcome: berry results are early, easy to enter the fruit season, usually two years after planting, three years of abundance, four to five years of highest production and 15 years of high fruit. Low roots, drought resistance, and inadequate moisture inhibit growth and results, with a four-to-five-month period and a six-to-seven-month period, with excessive soil evaporation and insufficient moisture affecting yields。
Ii. Breathing methods
1 pyramids: the berries mother strain keeps the soil wet, loose and nutritious, chooses the well-developed root lumbers at a distance of 10-15 cm, digs the root lumbers after autumn, takes care to dig the root lumbers, reserves more side branches, digs the plantings, then fakes the plantings, and starts the next spring。
2. Plug-in: when embroidery is inserted in a treeberries, the side root is dug around 1 cm, the root is selected with a bud, the root strip is cut to about 10 cm, and in mid-march, the gutter is inserted deep enough to dig into a ten cm ditch, the root is slashed into the bed, a quarter outside the soil and then the ground is levelled。
3. Migration of plants: from november to march of each year, wild plants are dug out of the mountain forest, branches are removed, 20 centimetres are preserved and no damage is caused to the hibernation of the base. It was then transplanted to a flat field, 25 cm from 2,700 acre. Cultivated to cover the soil, water the roots and so forth。
Iii. Berry cultivation techniques
1. Plantation construction: east huaberry can be grown in spring or in autumn. In general, mid-november or mid-march is appropriate. (c) select gardens with lax soil, high organic content, wet soil and no water. Before the construction, the land was flattened with the application of fertilizer to farmers of 2,000-4,000 kg/acre. Cultivation takes the form of a banding method of 2 m long, with a range of 0. 4-0. 8 m long and a den specification of 30 x 30 cm, with care to protect the seedlings from damage。
2 fertilizers: before transplantation, fertilizers are applied to farmers at 3 to 5 kg/s. Appropriate pine soil weeding during growth is followed up two to three times a year, mainly by nitrogen fertilizer, with proper application of potassium phosphorus fertilizer. Fertilizers were applied in march, in april and in november. 1,500-2000 kg of human urine per acre. Take care to water during the summer and autumn drought。
3 scrambles: the raspberry branches are soft, they can easily fall down on the ground, they can fall in the wind and affect yields. When the branches of the new branch occur in april-may, the sprouts are taken off to promote the growth of the branches, while at the same time taking care of the branches and promoting the occurrence of the secondary branches, the leaves are so abundant that the results are increased in the following year by the parent branch and increased production. The outcome period must be adjacent to all the plants to prevent a fall。
4. Cutting: the dry part of the top of the two-year branch should be removed immediately in spring, so that the remaining branch may grow strong. It leaves seven to eight branches of the disease, each of which leaves seven to two years of age, and maintains a reasonable density, which facilitates ventilation and ensures high and steady productivity. When the fruit is harvested, the branches of the garden shall be cut off for two years, and the branches of the branches shall be cut off and the branches of the dense branches shall be cut off in order to control the total number of branches in the garden。
Harvesting: berry harvest occurs from mid-may to early june, with harvests in batches, after harvesting, removal of infarction, leaves, flower butts, impurities, etc., poured into boiling water for two to three minutes and then removed and then dried. The finished product is best served by the completeness of the particles, solid yellow greens, sour, and leafless crumbs。
Iv. Travel breaking
1. Rodent diseases
(i) symptoms: rodentosis is a major disease that endangers the raspberry branches. In general, it occurs on a new site, starting with grey burns of approximately 1. 5-5. 5 cm length and 0. 6-1. 2 cm width from the top to the surface. The disease spreads rapidly to the surroundings, with brownened parts gradually, small black dots of varying sizes on the surface of the disease, brownening of the wood, spreading along with the disease, yellowing of leaves, leaf handles, atrophy and, in the event of serious cases, the death of the whole body。
(2) prevention and treatment: in the autumn, the gardens were cleared, the branches were cut and burned, and the pathogen was eliminated. May-august spraying control. In mid-may and early july, 500 times more methyl tobuzin or 40 per cent more ethyl phosphorous aluminum or double 500 times more pharmacies were sprayed。
2. Pinky
(1) symptoms: plates covered by a white powdered layer, leaves distorted or convoluted, sometimes without white powder on leaves and water immersion spots. When it is severe, new growth is shrunk, and the fruits are sometimes contaminated。
(2) prevention and treatment: cleaning of parks before winter, burning of leaves and branches and elimination of pathogens. In the early springs, after flowering, and early fruit, 70% of the methyl tobuzin humid powder is sprayed with 1,000 times the liquid, or 25% of the rusty humid powder with 1000-1500 the fluid, or 50% of the sulphur suspension with 200-300 the fluid。
Three, willow
(1) symptoms: the larvae moths are the main pests that endanger the raspberry, affecting the production of the larvae, with most of the larvae entering from the beginning of july, 40-60 cm above the ground, often 40-60 cm above the ground by the entrance of the cavity, and the larvae often gnawing on the fragrances outside the cavity, most of them gnawing for a week, biting of wood and faeces together, swirling of the larvae, longing of the larvae, easy to detect and identify, and the pelts are extremely dry and dead。
(2) prevention and control: cutting the victim's branches before they become plume in late august. A severe strawberry garden occurred and 2. 5% bcm 2000-3000 times more fluid was sprayed on the ground between late may and early june during the early larvae activity。
Four, piercing moths
(i) symptoms: the main danger is mangroves, and the fall larvae are made into cocoon, which crosses the winter under the skin of the larvae. The larvae crawled into the buds during the spread of the leaves, sprung into the buds, and died quickly. The adult insects plume during the flower season and lay their eggs in the flower in the evening, while the larvae first ate berries, but were soon transferred to the plant base for winter。
(2) prevention and treatment: clean up the garden in the autumn, and burn the results of the cut-off on the mother branch. The larvae was killed by 80% of dichlorvos, or 2. 5% of bromethrin 3000 times。
V. Bugs
(i) symptoms: insects usually begin to endanger young leaves in the spring, bite into buds, eat mare and honey, and cause buds to fall off or become deformed. Insects lay their eggs in the flowers, hatching the larvae for 8-10 days, immediately enter the larvae and are reduced in weight and prone to decay。
(2) prevention and treatment: severe raspberry groves, ground application in late april during soil release of adult insects and 0. 4 kg of trichlorfon powder plus 25 kg of fine sand. Lighter berries can be used for manual control, and adult insects shake their branches when they begin to endanger flowers, so that they fall down and are then concentrated in destruction. Timely collection and destruction of victim fruits。
