In japan, both property and land are part of the fixed asset tax. Japan has had a fixed asset tax since 1950, with a more mature regulatory system. The fixed-asset tax is a local tax, which is paid to the municipal government of tseima。
The representative of japan stated that real estate in japan consisted of land and buildings and was therefore subject to taxation. Rural dwellings, farmland and mountain forests are also taxed. The principal tax on real estate is the fixed asset tax, i. E. The tax on ownership of land and buildings, which is collected annually. The second is the taxation of real estate, i. E. The taxes paid in the purchase of land and buildings, both of which are local taxes (which are paid to the municipal government of the village)。
He noted that all real estate was subject to taxation, but that tax rates varied considerably depending on the region, such as the division of land into residential land, agricultural land, industrial land, etc. Taxes on agricultural land are very low in order to protect agricultural and agricultural land. However, agricultural land can only be used for cultivation and, if transformed into a residential base for the construction of houses, very complex operations are required。
He noted that japan's real estate tax calculation methodology was complex in order to protect agricultural land, ensure financial resources for urban construction, protect green land and nurture industries, for example, by lowering tax rates to support entrepreneurial activities. For investment purposes, real estate is also purchased and, in the case of good real estate, rents or resales can be obtained. Owing to the high cost of land, the ownership of immovable property in the high residential areas and in the tokyo metropolitan areas, such as hebei and platinum, is a significant burden and cannot be taxed if the income is sufficient to pay tax, but without it, and there are cases where the unemployed have to sell real estate。
In japan, acquisition of real estate is accompanied by various costs. According to kang dechun, a chinese-owned business minister, fixed assets such as land, housing and so forth are taxed not only at the time of acquisition, but also during occupation and at the time of sale and transfer. In addition, some of the municipalities are subject to a city plan tax, which is 0. 3 per cent of the market value of fixed assets; unlike the fixed assets tax, the city plan tax does not target the assets being repaid. Local governments belonging to urban areas can collect urban planning taxes, although in some municipalities, although they do not meet the requirements, the situation is different。
The journalist's friend, miniko hashimura, lives in the tokyo dokda district, and 10 years ago bought an apartment with an area of 82 square metres, which belongs to a medium area of tokyo. At that time, the market value was 38. 8 million yen, plus taxes and taxes amounting to about 42 million yen. In 2012, she paid a fixed asset tax of about 112,000 yen, a city plan tax of about 24,000 yen, a fixed asset tax and an urban plan tax of 8034,000 yen. This amount has been similar for 10 years because local market prices have been relatively stable. If local land prices fall, the fixed asset tax and the urban plan tax will be reduced. The fixed-asset tax covers the interior area and the area of the shared building, which varies according to the size of the suite. In addition, she is required to pay monthly management fees equivalent to property fees and maintenance costs for major repairs amounting to 47,000 yen, also based on size. Some people are therefore reluctant to buy a house and rent it, as various costs, such as management and maintenance, can be saved. It would also be unrealistic for the landlord to transfer these costs to the tenants, since there is a market situation for local rents, which would have been too high for anyone to rent. She explained that some people who bought a house were forced to sell it when they could not afford it for reasons such as unemployment, or were auctioned at a bank for lack of capacity to repay the loan。
According to kang, in general, the larger the land, the higher the amount, the higher the tax; similarly, the size of the building, the high cost and the higher the tax. In addition, various taxes related to fixed assets, such as home-owned housing and small-household types, essentially enjoy a certain degree of preference. Taxes on fixed assets, fixed assets, urban schemes and residents are local taxes, while the rest are state taxes。
According to kang dechun, not only do apartment buildings, such as tokyo, and solo homes, pay taxes without distinction, but taxes are more burdensome in terms of size and price. In his view, japan did not fire houses as it did in the country. Japan’s population is ageing, with declining birth rates, weak demand and an objective failure to rekindle real estate heat; and japan’s long-standing economic downturn and high labour costs, which have led many japanese enterprises to move production abroad, and are one of the reasons for japan’s lack of land and buildings。
He pointed out that japan's recent development of easily accessible plots was hot, while one street was cold and clear; that it would take some time before the foam burst to take measures that would make it difficult to build or make a move; and that development financing was too concentrated in large cities and local cities were shrinking, which would become increasingly visible over time。
