Guidance from the state council office on the greening of science
National officer (2021) number 19
The people's governments of the provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government, the ministries of the state council and the direct agencies:
The greening of science is an intrinsic requirement for following natural and economic patterns, protecting and restoring natural ecosystems and building green and green mountains. It is an important initiative for improving the ecological environment, combating climate change and maintaining ecological security. It is of great importance for building ecological civilization and beautiful china. With a view to promoting the greening of land for high-quality development, the following observations are made with the concurrence of the state council。
I. General requests
(i) guidance. Guided by xi's new era of china's socialism, the 19th and 19th sessions of the party's 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th plenary sessions are fully guided by the party's philosophy of ecological civilization, the party's central and state council's decision-making and deployments, the new stage of development, the implementation of the new concept of development and the construction of a new development landscape, the implementation of the green mountain as the concept of the golden mountain, the respect for nature, the adaptation to nature and the preservation of nature, the integration of governance of the mountain forest and lake lawn and sand system, and the adoption of the path of science, ecology and eco-efficiency; the strengthening of planning, the optimization of resource allocation, the improvement of quality control, the improvement of policy mechanisms, the full implementation of forest longing systems, the scientific implementation of large-scale land greening operations, the enhancement of ecosystem functions and the supply of ecological products, the enhancement of the carbon pool, the promotion of the ecological environment and the provision of good ecological security for building a beautiful china。
(ii) working principles。
• upholding conservation priorities, predominating natural recovery, combining manual restoration with natural recovery, following the inherent pattern of ecosystems in the construction of vegetation vegetation and investing in the self-restoration and stability of ecosystems。
• to insist on the planning of lead, top-level planning, a rational greening of spaces and integrated promotion of integrated protection and restoration of sand and grass in mountain forest fields and lakes。
• to insist on being appropriate and green, taking fully into account the carrying capacity of water resources, and to build a healthy and stable ecosystem in the form of joe joe, riverwater and grass。
• maintaining conservation priorities and capacity, taking into account both ecological soundness and economic viability, quantity and quality, and economizing the greening of the land。
Ii. Main mandate
(iii) planning for the greening of scientific production. Local people's governments are to organize the preparation of greening-related plans, which are linked to territorial spatial planning, superseding them to the “one map” of spatial planning at the same level, in order to achieve multiple integration. Implementation of the strictest system of cropland protection, with a view to rationalizing planning and greening targets; urban greening plans meet the requirements of urban health, safety and habitability. The local people's governments must strengthen the monitoring and enforcement of greening-related programmes, and no sector, unit or individual may change plans at will or change the size, nature and purpose of greening. (national forest and grass office, national development and reform commission, ministry of natural resources, ministry of housing, urban and rural construction, ministry of transport, ministry of water, etc. Are responsible for the division of responsibilities and implementation by local people's governments. The following are to be implemented by the local people's government and no longer listed):
(iv) rational arrangements for greening land. In accordance with the data from the third national land survey and the spatial planning of the territory, which takes into account such factors as the structure of land use, the suitability of land, etc., scientific greening of the land and its precise management. Greening is mainly carried out on abandoned beaches of the ile forest, abandoned and damaged mountains, degraded forest lands and grasslands. In the context of urban renewal, the green areas of cities are increased by dismantling them to the detriment of green. (c) encourage mega-cities and mega-cities to increase their efforts to keep green space by building land and shifting agricultural land. Encourage integrated land rehabilitation in rural areas and the use of abandoned and idle land to increase green land in villages; combine high-standard farm construction with scientific regulation and hazard-proof farm protection forests. The greening of railways, highways, canals and the surroundings of lakes is carried out in accordance with the law. The illegal use of arable land for reforestation is strictly prohibited and, in case of need, the approval procedure must be strictly complied with by law. Stop the “de-farming” of cultivated land and prevent “de-foodization”. The greening of mountains and lakes, as well as the planting of trees that prevent flooding within the management of rivers and lakes, are strictly prohibited. (ministry of natural resources, state forest and grass office, ministry of housing, urban and rural construction, ministry of transport, ministry of water, ministry of agriculture and rural affairs, china national railway group ltd., etc
(v) rational use of water resources. Land greening takes full account of the spatial and temporal distribution and carrying capacity of water resources, such as precipitation, surface water and groundwater, and insists that water be water-specific, measured, green and wasteland, and that vegetation be scientifically restored. The greening of arid and semi-arid areas below 400 mm per year of precipitation is based on water resources, guided by rainfall and water conservation, with a major focus on the restoration of vegetation vegetation, the promotion of the greening model of a combination of joegrass, the promotion of low-density forest plantations, and the rational application of water harvesting and water-efficient afforestation techniques to prevent ecological damage from overuse. (c) strengthen manual rain operations and increase the efficiency of reforestation. Integrated living, productive and ecological water needs, rational distribution of green water, moderate and orderly greening of water conservation around towns. Oasis agricultural areas need to take full account of the conditions of water resources, strengthen the protection of natural oases and ecological transition zones, take into account the need for water for oasis conservation and agricultural protected forests, rationalize the scale and density of afforestation and ensure the sustainable development of agro-ecological barriers. (national forest and grass office, ministry of water, ministry of agriculture and rural affairs, china meteorological service, etc., are responsible for the division of duties)
(vi) scientific choice of green trees to plant grass. The greening of herbs from the countryside has been actively pursued, with the prudent use of alien trees. Local inventories of native grass-breeding are to be developed to promote the use of diverse species to create mixed forests. The green tree species are reasonably selected according to natural geographical climatic conditions, vegetation growth patterns and ecological needs for subsistence production. Both sides of the river and the lake bank are given priority in the selection of trees with strong resistance, well-established roots, strong soil-solidation and well-protected grass. Drought-deficit and sand-intensive areas are given priority in the selection of dry, infertile and wind- and sand-resistant shrubs and grass. In coastal zones, preference is given to deep roots species that are saline-resistant, wet and wind-resistant. In areas with severe soil erosion, priority is given to protected grass-breeding with well-established roots and solid soil. Water-hot and deep-dwelling areas are given priority in the selection of high-growth, high-yielding, disease- and pest-resistant tree species. The neighbourhood is surrounded by a combination of mass health factors and avoids the selection of tree varieties that are more sensitive to humans. Increased production of grass-breeding plants and the construction of seedling sites in rural areas have led to the production of seedlings on demand, order and close to them, avoiding long-range greening. (national forest and grass office, ministry of water, etc. Are responsible for the division of duties)
(vii) regulate green design construction. The green project construction unit, which is responsible for state investment or is primarily a state investment, prepares the operational design (or greening programme, respectively) and the greening project authority, in conjunction with the relevant department, evaluates the rationality of the land, water, technical measures, etc. For the design of the operation and supervises its implementation. Major greening projects of general interest to society and government-led must be scientifically validated and widely heard. To strengthen the management of green construction, to adequately protect native vegetation, wildlife habitats, rare plants, etc., and to prohibit the destruction of topsoil, the total reclamation of land, etc., and to avoid erosion or land degradation. (the responsibility of the national forest and grass office, the ministry of natural resources, the ministry of housing, urban and rural construction, the ministry of transport and communications, the ministry of water and water, the china national railways group ltd., etc., is divided by duties)
(viii) scientificly advanced revegetation of priority areas. Based on the overall layout of major projects for the protection and rehabilitation of critical ecosystems throughout the country, greening is tailored to the particular ecological problems of priority areas. The yangtze and yellow river rivers, for example, have their sources, dry tributaries and right and right banks to strengthen the sealing of forest and grass-breeding, and to promote water-carrying, soil-maintenance forest construction and the integrated management of small watersheds; the sandbelts in the north to strengthen the sealing and protection of grass-fed vegetation and to build grass-breeding vegetation that is largely grass-fed and reasonably accompanies it; the highlands in the greening areas of the south to strictly protect native vegetation, relying mainly on natural restoration of natural forest and grassland vegetation, moderate land management, the ecological restoration of mines and the construction of artificial grasslands; the coastal zone to strengthen coastal protection systems and actively promote the greening of urban and rural areas; the north-east forest belt to increase the conservation and restoration of natural forests; and the southern hilllands to promote integrated management of soil erosion and quartic desertification, to improve forest quality, to construct a stable and efficient forest grassland ecosystem and to construct ecological barriers. (national forest and grass office, ministry of natural resources, ministry of housing, urban and rural construction, ministry of water, etc
(ix) a steady and orderly process of re-forestation. (b) further refine its policy on reforestation and establish long-lasting mechanisms to effectively consolidate the results of reforestation. Implementation of the tasks approved by the state council in respect of arable land above 25 degrees slope, steep slopes, arable land on an important water source of 15-25 degrees slope, arable land under severe saludation and arable land under severe pollution. The relevant authorities are required to register land use changes and real estate changes on the retreat plots. Reforestation must be combined with ecological and industrial development needs, taking into account the will of the people and taking into account ecological and economic benefits. Science develops green rich industries, such as fruit, flowers and trees, and the under-forest economy, leading to a virtuous cycle of economic development and improved livelihoods. (commission for national development and reform, ministry of finance, national forest and grass office, ministry of natural resources, ministry of agriculture and rural affairs, etc
(x) affordably and pragmatically promote rural and urban greening. Full use is made of the greening of abandoned land in urban and rural areas, the edges and the back of the house, and the greening of the stereo should be promoted. (c) to strengthen the system, synergy and network of green roads in rural and urban areas, with a view to connecting them. (b) increase efforts to build green spaces in urban and rural parks and develop a well-structured park system. Upgrading the ecological functions of green spaces in urban and rural areas and effectively performing the integrated functions of green spaces for the leisure and recreation of the population, physical fitness and disaster prevention and avoidance. Promote resilient, low conservation-cost plant cover, promote low water-consumption lawn and reduce high water-consumption lawn cultivation. (c) increase research and governance efforts, such as willows and sensitivity flour, in order to increase the green habitability of urban and rural residents. The rural “sides” (waterside, roadside, villageside, houseside) are encouraged to grow the country's valuable tree species and to create ecologically attractive and beautiful villages. Full crown seedlings shall be used for the selection of saplings of appropriate specifications, in addition to the species that must be dried up. Respect for the laws of nature and a firm rejection of the quick-forward actions such as the “big tree into the city”, the avoidance of one-sided pursuit of landscapeization, the rejection of executive orders for blind command, and the absolute prohibition of de facto, wasteful, corrupt and greening of faces and image works. (ministry of housing, urban and rural construction, ministry of natural resources, national forest and grass office, ministry of transport, etc
(xi) consolidate greening quality and effectiveness. The newly built forest areas will be closed down, care and support will be strengthened, and post-green systems and input mechanisms will be put in place to improve the rate. State-owned forestry enterprises are required to develop forest management programmes in a scientific manner and to conduct forest operations in a scientific, normative and sustainable manner. Encourage the development of family plantations, joint stock farms, etc., support forest plantations outside state-owned plantations, and actively promote the operation of collective forests on a modest scale. Implementation of projects to upgrade forest quality, increase forest breeding, restoration of degraded forests, optimize forest structures and functions and improve forest ecosystem quality, stability and carbon sink capacity. Increase efforts to retrofit the pure forests of artificial needles, build healthy forests and enhance the capacity to prevent and control harmful biological disasters, such as pine filariasis. Strengthening capacity-building on the fire prevention base of savannah forests. Implementation of major savannah conservation and rehabilitation projects to accelerate the rehabilitation of degraded savannahs and enhance their ecological function and productive capacity. The benefits of integrated forest and grass-roots resources are enhanced through the rational use of state-owned forests, grasslands and landscape resources for ecotourism, forest well-being, etc. Increased control over the use of forest land for grassland has resulted in serious violations such as deforestation, illegal reclamation, illegal appropriation of forest land for grassland and park green lands. The restoration of ancient trees and their natural habitats is strictly protected, and the preservation of ancient trees is carried out in a timely manner. (national forest and grass office, ministry of housing, urban and rural construction, etc., according to functional division)
(xii) innovative monitoring and evaluation. The greening mission and the greening results are placed on the ground, on the map and in the database on the basis of a “one map” of the national spatial plan. The focus of the ecological conservation restoration works is to facilitate the preparation of the operational design, construction, inspection and acceptance process and to monitor all changes in the condition of forest pasture resources. To construct an integrated integrated monitoring and evaluation system for the sky, using natural resource surveys, forest grass-roots resource monitoring and annual updates, to improve the level of information accuracy for monitoring the greening of the land. Locally appropriate indicators of evaluation are required for forest grass integration, methods for evaluating the effectiveness of land greening are developed, and the results of land greening are scientifically evaluated. (national forest and grass office, ministry of natural resources etc. Are responsible for the division of duties)
Safeguards
(xiii) improving policy mechanisms. The people's governments at all levels must rationalize their funding, incorporate the greening of the land in their budgets and continuously optimize investment structures. Encourage local innovation in the greening of the land through incentives, loans and interest payments, and introduce a differentiated financial subsidy policy that supports the creation of mixed forests, the construction of bushes in dry areas, the planting of forests and the sealing of mountain forests in areas where conditions are appropriate, the use of the country's precious trees for planting trees, and the implementation of degraded grassland improvements. The central treasury continues to support rural greening through financial channels such as reforestation subsidies. Without creating additional hidden debts, financial institutions are encouraged to innovate in financial products and services and to support the participation of social capital in the greening and ecological restoration of the country in accordance with the law. (c) develop a programme of action for forest savannah carbon sinks, deepen the reform of the collective forest rights system, accelerate the establishment of mechanisms for the realization of the value of ecological products and improve ecological compensation mechanisms. (the responsibility of the national development and reform commission, the ministry of finance, the people's bank, the national forest and grass office, etc., is divided by duties)
(xiv) sound management systems. The land support policy has been improved, and the owners of centralized companies that have achieved a certain scale and desired objective in terms of land greening, ecological rehabilitation, etc., may, subject to territorial spatial planning and subject to legal procedures for land use approval and disposal, devote certain areas to the development of related industries such as ecotourism and forest rehabilitation. Explore new mechanisms for managing the size of land for urban and rural construction in mega-cities and mega-cities ' parks in green areas that are legally used. Improving forest harvesting management policies, giving priority to securing the demand for forest breeding, restoration of degraded forests, rehabilitation of forest branches, promotion of forest quality and disaster prevention and control; and self-employment of living commercial forests, where large-scale commercial forests can create separate forest harvesting limits that are integrated into the management of annual logging limits. Integrate post-afforestation care into the responsibilities of ecological rangers and link it to their performance. (b) to improve and implement the system of grassland contracting, clarifying ownership, use, stabilizing the right to contract, releasing the right to operate, regulating the flow of grassland operations, controlling those responsible and continuously improving the ecological situation of the grassland. (ministry of natural resources, national forest and grass office etc. Are responsible for the division of duties)
(xv) enhanced science and technology support. Conduct a survey of forest grassland quality resources and validation of forest and wood good species and grass varieties, and strengthen the collection and conservation, development and development of key technologies and facilities for the collection and management of grassland resources in key rural areas. Optimizing the system of technical standards for land greening. Sound monitoring of ecological positioning observations. Through the national science and technology plan (special, fund, etc.), scientific and technological campaigns are being carried out to prevent and control major biological hazards, such as pine filariasis, forest water relations and the proliferation of rare trees in rural areas. Increased development of equipment for the greening and ecological conservation of the land. (c) selection of stocks and promotion of a number of functional eco-protective restoration technology conversion projects. (national forest and grass office, ministry of science and technology, etc., according to functional division)
(xvi) strengthening organizational leadership. Full implementation of the forestry system, with clear responsibilities for local leaders to protect and develop forest grassland resources. Local people's governments at all levels are required to carry out effectively the main responsibility for the greening of science by defining the objectives of the relevant departments and implementing measures. The greening committees at all levels must play a full role in organizing, advocating, coordinating and directing the greening of the land, monitoring, inspection and evaluation, and so on, constantly promoting the compulsory planting of trees for the entire population. Recognition, rewards and rewards are given to units and individuals whose scientific greening has produced significant results in accordance with national regulations. Mistakes to green off scientific norms and popular will must be stopped in a timely manner, and those with adverse and serious consequences must be held accountable in accordance with the law. Extensive awareness-raising campaigns, promotion of the greening of science, dissemination of knowledge on the greening of science, promotion of a greening culture of economy and pragmatism, and promotion of sound development and performance perspectives. To strengthen public opinion, respond positively to social concerns and create a favourable climate for the greening of science. (segment of responsibilities by relevant departments)
State council office
18 may 2021
(this one is publicly available)
