Common knowledge and insight in academic research
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Common knowledge and insight in academic research
Academic norms and academic criticism explores the root causes of the events of academic forgery in recent years and shows readers that this debate is still the minimum requirement for academic research
Introduction by the author
For ordinary readers, the incidents of academic fraud and corruption revealed in the media in recent years are not new, while the jade emperor is a relatively strange name. In the chinese academic community, yang yu-sung is known by many colleagues as a “business failure”, an “academic cleaner”. On march 15, 2001, yang yu launched the academic critics network (www. Acrichism. Com), the main thrust of which is to strengthen academic norms, advance academic commentary and promote academic prosperity. He is currently director of the american centre for political and legal studies at the chinese university of political science and law and is currently engaged in academic norms, history reviews, teaching and research in the united states of america's constitutional history. He created and chaired the academic critics network, which is viewed by industry as the most influential web-based academic platform in the current academic world, as an important catalyst for academic criticism and discipline reviews, and for strengthening academic norms and the construction of academic culture。
One of the top six problems of academic failure
The reasons for this situation are, of course, related to the bureaucracy of academic management, but the response envisaged by scholars is also naive and they think that they have established norms。
Academic research is governed by academic norms. Such common sense has become the subject of repeated research, reminders and instructions in our academic community today. Paradoxically, some scholars are calling out loud, while others “academics” continue to repeat, create academic waste and even copy it. Insecurity in print media is copied online and insecurity in the country is copied abroad. And the deaf will not be afraid of thunder, so call you, and i will do what i please. It shows how corrupt the academic world is today! The mass media are still concerned only with the worst practice of “copying”. In fact, there are a number of retrogressive problems in academic research that are difficult to detect, which are seemingly normative, with a lot of notes, but without any discovery or innovation, complete nonsense, meaningless repetition, and academic bubbles. In academic research, it is not difficult to refer to, quote, but rather to demonstrate the seriousness of the researchers, but it does not guarantee the value of the results. It could be a secondary source of information. And there's "fake notes."。
In view of this, the discussion on “academic norms” has become a major event in the academic world in recent years, in which many scholars of conscience have engaged in an attempt to establish a good academic order. Professor yang yu's book academic norms and academic criticism can be seen as a more comprehensive summary of the incident。
The book's book, china's university of the 1990s — a memorandum of academic normative discussion, provides a systematic overview of the various perspectives of scholars and presents the six main problems of academic failure:
1. Lack of respect for the outcomes of others
2. Lack of sound academic evaluation mechanisms
3. No awareness of the problem
4. Lack of integration with international academia
5. Low-level duplicated academic foams
6. Academic ethics are corrupt and wanton。
After reading this book, i'm as if i'm out of a garbage dump, filled with stinks, academic corruption, depravity. It's a very nasty thing to read。
Particularly desperate is the statement that academic norms are “self-regulatory” as “others”. It means that there is no hope for scholars to manage themselves, but for others, to punish them with different rules. There are also scholars who believe that “self-regulation” is traditional and that “other law” is modern. The “other law” of academic norms is a necessary measure for the transition to a modern society (p. 11). Sounds like it makes sense. Think about it. It's weird. While it is good to be successful in “others”, why is the more the “others” rule, the more the burglars copy? Is it possible to manage academic research using the bureau of commerce and industry to manage the flea market? The reasons for this situation are, of course, related to the bureaucracy of academic management, but the response envisaged by scholars is also naive and they think that they have established norms. In the process of international integration, we can draw on many foreign best practices. But why is it that these experiences become so different as soon as we get here
2 lack of “others” and even less “self-regulation”
Without what is both “other law” and “self-regulation”, we can all have no “law” and no “sky”. That is why the “others” of academic norms often fail。
The traditional chinese scholars, who are known for their “self-discipline”, “regulatory in the first place and happy in the next”, seek to regularize every word and act. For their burden. China lacks religious beliefs and is unwilling to recognize the insatiable nature of humanity, believing that through the efforts of “gentlemen” it will be possible to reach a perfect personality。
The pursuit of “fullness” by chinese culture is reflected in its concentration in literature and art. As a result, it tried to rely on the elite (doctors) to demonstrate through “self-regulation” a culture of “ceremonial” and its associated rules, which not only behaved properly, but also performed well in chatting, writing poetry, painting, playing the piano, playing chess, riding horses and shooting arrows. Those rules consist of a set of rituals (especially physical moves and speech), but ultimately they point to a set of value systems, such as “benevolentness”, “torture”, “dwarf” etc. In the course of their studies, adolescents imitate it as a means of maintaining social order. In this quest for and demonstration of a perfect culture, individual factors associated with desire are often removed。
So beauty is beautiful, but lifeless. In modern terms, there is no “self-consciousness” and there is only an empty and beautiful order. So the more jokes come out of recent times, the more "julein's history" can prove it. In the end, the dream of a perfect culture through the exemplary pursuit of the doctorate was completely shattered。
On the contrary, western religious cultures first recognize the insatiable nature of humanity (human beings are not a smooth pebble, it has holes, it has sprawling parts) and offer them “original sins” and then exonerate “original sins” by “recovering”. What one can do next is “belief”, and those who believe are “the righteous”. If they do not believe in it, they will be punished if they continue to do anything. The punishment comes from the spiritual punishment at the faith level and the secular legal punishment at the operational level. The novel, crime and punishment, has fully developed these two dimensions and, finally, the first level of victory. The first dimension is a special “others rule” (which can be seen as a spiritual “self-regulation”) related to “god”, and a strange thing that combines “others” and “self-regulation” with one another. This is a special feature of western culture. That is to say, their secular behaviour is subject to two tests, one of “others” at the secular level (such as the law) and the other of the higher order, which is unrelated to the secular dimension. It's hard to break the two levels, unless he's heartless. There is only one level of chinese culture, especially confucian culture, that is, to be clean, to be “self-disciplined” and to be exemplary. Too often, in practice, the line of defence collapses。
In recent times, traditional cultures have largely collapsed as a result of internal collapse and external criticism. So we introduced the “other law” approach, advocating the rule of law. At the same time, the role of the intellectual class, known as “self-regulatory”, has been rapidly diminished or “marginalized”. The subtext regulating academic research is that academic research, which is a special profession, is managed as a trader, and it is not good to expose it by a few scholars by setting up academic fake departments in the “315 hotline” and “business houses”. There is a desire to give “other law”, that is, a provision and a norm from outside the heart. In fact, it's like locking the door and locking a gentleman can't lock a man. Nothing can be done about norms and provisions if we assume that there may be small people without oversight. Without what is both “other law” and “self-regulation”, we can all have no “law” and no “sky”. That is why the “others” of academic norms often fail。
3 academic norms are minimum requirements
Today, our academic community is still at the first level, and that level remains a mess。
Academic norms are the minimum and most basic requirements for academic research. Thus, no one dares to say no to academic norms, nor does anyone support those who advocate academic norms. However, academic research is hierarchical. I think there are three dimensions: one technical, two style and three value。
The technical dimension of academic research can also be described as the ethical dimension. This is the starting point for an academic who must gradually learn about screening materials, reading, syntheses, questions, writing, notes, quotations, etc., just as a carpenter must first master the basics of cutting, scratching and digging. Without such training, he could write novel poetry, write a pen, but not become a scholar. It also includes academic ethics issues, the attribution of others to others by means of notes and citations, and the rest of them to themselves, rather than to fish. This academic ethic, like human morality, does not take advantage, much less steal. This allows for a first-time perspective。
The style dimension of academic research can also be described as the aesthetic dimension. Having mastered the basic norms, and faced with the academic problems that he had raised, he had the ability to speak in his own unique way, not to speak out. Good scholars are generally able to develop their own unique expressions, which are not only clear, but also well worded and form their own unique grammar. If a scholar had developed his own unique expression style, would he have allowed a text to be inserted in his own article? Let alone without comment. The copycats (with the exception of special reasons, such as waiting for a professor of the book) are usually the unstyled scholars, whose words are terrible and whose words are added to them, he does not care, at all. In addition to good normative training, academic style formation requires a free mind and creative thinking. Measurements, core periodicals cannot be nurtured。
The value dimension of academic research can also be described as the truth dimension. This is the highest level of academic research. It is built on these two basic levels. Without this level of demand, the normative dimension becomes a low level of duplication, seemingly normative, and has no substance. Similarly, the style dimension becomes self-expression and individual talent. At this point, the style may be the style of “derelictly flattening” rather than language tricks。
Thus, scholars who seek truth need not only the rigour of learning, but also the talent to express it, and more courage to pursue truth. Today, our academic community is still at the first level, and that level remains a mess. It's funny to find cattle thieves here and there。
Figure:
Academic norms and academic criticism, yang yu, henan university press, june 2005, $56. 00。
