First, the selection of varieties: the selection of high-quality, high-yielding, disease-resistant and resilient vegetable varieties, and the rotation of cultivation. Promote the use of inter-cropping methods on the same plot, increase the variety of vegetable varieties and reduce pesticide use。
Soil sterilisation: the soil is disinfected with lime, copper sulphate and roasted with high-temperature sunlight or cold frost in order to eliminate bacteria and eggs and reduce the incidence of pests and diseases in vegetable production。
Fertilizers: mainly organic fertilizers, the rational co-use of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and micro-fertilizers, the application of special fertilizers for non-publicly hazardous vegetables in the middle and later stages of growth, the non-abuse of nitrogen fertilizers, and ensuring that the vegetables are healthy and of good quality. Manure and earthen manure are subject to decomposition and fermentation before they can be applied to ensure safety of application; no manure should be used near the harvest stage, and the food products are kept on the market。
Iv. Integrated pest management techniques
1. Agriculture prevention and control: selection of pest-resistant varieties for local use; preparation of seed treatment and sterilization of seedbeds; selection of suitable seeding periods for appropriate planting; use of medium or greenhouse breeding, nutrition of seedlings, prevention of seedlings through temperature control and wet and early seedlings, and improvement of the quality of seedlings; timely clean-up of debris after previous harvests, cleaning of fields; deep ground rehabilitation and application of decomposition-based fattening; rational rotation and inter-cropping; introduction of gymnastics, strengthening of field management, etc., to promote the healthy growth of vegetables and to improve their resilience to disease and inversion。
Physical control: inducing insects with frequency-fibreding lamps, using sun-sun to plant insects, insects with yellow, blue or white sheets, insects with silver ash membrane or silver ash net, and adhesive pests。
3 biological control: management of pests using predatory natural enemies (e. G., predatory spiders, mites, aphids, grasshoppers, fly-eating flies, hunters, etc.) and parasitic natural enemies (e. G., red-eye bees, bees, e. G., e. G., e. G., biopesticides such as bt emulsants, white blubbers, etc.); pest control using plant-based pesticides such as bitter sorghum, thorium and pyrochlors; and control of disease effects by agricultural antibiotics such as acinininin, agro-chain cocin and polycin。
4. Chemical control: the use of chemical pesticides should be minimized or not used, depending on the type of pest and natural enemy that occurs in the field, and, if necessary, the use of high-efficiency, low-tox and low-temporal pesticides against pests and pests should be chosen for the protection of natural enemies, and appropriate drugs should be administered; national regulations should be strictly enforced to prohibit the use of highly toxic, high-pest pesticides; after application they should be collected at safe intervals。
