Technical protocols for high-quality rice-free production
I. Selection of varieties
High-quality, high-yielding, stable and resistant varieties, such as armament 7 (97-46), wuxiang 99-15, wuju 5021, etc., should be selected and their seed quality should meet the requirements of gb4404. 1。
Ii. Cultivation
1. Selection of seedbeds
In the case of wet breeding, the choice should be made between irrigation convenience, soil dysentery, fertile, flat, medium-sized agricultural land to be fielded, with a ratio of 1:7 to 8。
Dryland or vegetable garden using dry breeding shall be made of fertile estrangement, deep ground, easy water and clean water the seedbed (which should be made from a water field to dig up a ditch and make the field dry) is kept on the scale of 1:20-25。
2. Fertilizing the whole area
Fields made of scavengers or scavengers require the early planting of dredges, sunburns, scavengers and groceries, and the application of farm fertilizer, such as manure and high-quality earth fertilizers, usually 1,000-2000 kilograms per acre and 45 per cent more incapacitating 40-50 kilograms per week before planting. The wet-dwelling bed is made of the requirements of a condensed field, which is flat, loose, soft and has a layer of mud; the dry-breeding bed is 1. 2-1. 3 metres wide, the gutter is wide and the depth is about 0. 3 metres deep, and the whole bed must meet the requirements of “deep, soft, fat, flat, clean”。
Seeding
Seeds should be tanned for one to two days, wind-selected seed species, mud or salt water, saturated seed species, usually using 5 ml per 5 kg seed to impregnate 10 kg of water for 36-48 hours in order to prevent diseases such as seedlings and dry spicy nematodes. (sweet seedlings must be short-lived and dry seedlings until the chest is broken)。
The planting period should be determined by the length of the birth period of the varieties, which is 15 may to 25 may, and the number of seedings, which is also determined by the manner in which the seeds are grown and by the different vents, the number of wet fields, 35 to 40 kilograms per acre, and the number of dry fields, which is 40 to 50 per cent higher than that of the same type。
Wet seedlings are distributed in equal measure, with seeds distributed evenly, muddled valleys, landslides and mudslides, soaked with husks, grasswood ash or other coverings to keep the sun warm, and dry seedlings, in addition to the lumber of lumbers, should be suppressed, covered with fine soil, water on the ground floor, covered with film or other cover, and must not be poured into bed。
4. Xinda management
I'm not going to be able to get a proper follow-up on the fatting and delivery of fertilizers. The fattening of seedlings is poured in manure or urea, which is about 500 kg per acre and 1-1. 5 kg per acre. Fertilizers should be applied 5-7 days before planting, with about 3 kg of urea per acre (dry breeding should wash the seedlings after fertilization)。
Plasma management should be managed flexibly according to weather conditions. Water should be wet and wet in the ditch before seedlings, wet on the surface, shallow water after 1 centipede, deep water should be protected in the event of heavy rain or hail, but should be drained immediately after heavy rain or hail, and water should be replaced by fresh water; wet on the floor of the bed and cover should be slowly removed after 4 p. M., suitable water should be replenished for the second to third lobes to prevent ablaze and dead seedlings, with the three leaves to be controlled by drought, with no blemish on the bed and no water on the ground, after 5 p. M. When water is required, and a flood should be poured one night before the day before the planting。
The one-leaf per acre is controlled with a 15 per cent polywettable powder of 150 grams to 75 kg of water。
In the case of pest and grass, care should be taken in the field to combat second, third-rate diseases, paddy mackerel. Insects are recommended for insecticidal use, trithoroxin etc., paddy mackerel is recommended for insecticidal use, pyrochlor, etc。
Iii. Portage
1. Farming in daejeon
It should be dry, dry, drudgery, fine, and water dredged, requiring flat, shallow, rotten and clean standards. Fields must be flat, high and low; the water must be shallow and suitable for current mud; the soil must rot; and the field should be free of weeds。
2. Plantation density
Based on honda's fertility level, the variety is highly divided, the age of the seedlings and the quality of the seedlings are reasonably dense. Single-season paddy is required to plant 20-25,000 dens per acre, with 4-5 saplings per lacuna, with a reduction of 10-15 per cent in the number of basic seedlings planted as compared to the same type of wet-moisture seedlings。
Iv. Daejeon management
1. Fertilization
Four fertilisations were carried out during the rice field growth phase, namely, base fat, obituary fat, osmosis and particle fat. Base fertilizer accounts for 50 per cent of the total nitrogen application, with 15-20 organic fertilizers applied in ordinary acres and 45 per cent of a combination of 25 kg of triad, 25 kg of ammonium carbon or 10 kg of urea, of which phosphorus fertilizer is applied in full and potassium fertilizer in half one-time. The centipede is 30 per cent of the total nitrogen application and is applied in combination with herbicide application for 5-7 days after planting, with 10 kg of urea applied in acre. Episodes account for 15 per cent of the total nitrogen application, and average acres are urea 5-10 kg and potassium chloride 8-10 kg during the rice round-up period (two-3 values). In combination with weather and rice, fatty can be applied more if it is strong, leaves are straight, long, suny or poor, and less if it is growing, leaves are too long and rainy. Pumps account for 5 per cent of the total nitrogen application, followed by exterior fatting after paddy or chie, and generally applied a flat spray of 75 kg of urea and 0. 2 per cent potassium phosphate mixture per acre。
2. Plumber management
The principle of water management is that shallow water is planted, water is stored, water is soaked, it is enough to bake a field, it is impregnated, it has a water pump, and dry and wet turns to mature methods. When the number of honda plumes reaches 80 per cent of the expected number of ears, the field should be baked in time. Upon entering the masturbation period, the water is kept wet and cut off one week before the harvest。
3. Combating pest and grass
Insisting on a “preventive and integrated approach” approach to plant protection, promoting biological control and the use of biological pesticides, and strictly controlling the use of chemical pesticides and plant growth regulators. In conjunction with the implementation of agricultural control (including a range of planting measures such as the selection of anti-disease species, the selection of seeds, the recovery of residues throughout the field, the rational application of fertilizers, scientific management, etc.), two-checks are carried out to identify and control fields based on disease control indicators, the selection of high-efficiency, low-toxic and low-residency pesticides, the promotion of the use of biopesticides, strict control over the safe interval between their use, general control, and minimization of the number and quantity of medicines used。
Single-season plume pests are mainly dyslexic, trichochotic, lice, paddy foliage, etc.; diseases are mainly dyslexic, stripe, osteal (e. G. Paddy cortex, paddy black powder), epigenetic, rice fever, etc. Weeds consist mainly of weeds, heterodoxes, vegetable vegetables, oxen, short mushrooms, etc。
The prevention and treatment of dichotomy, trichotomy, rice twigs, irritation, du boncong-sun, san swe, etc., and rice lice recommend the use of flying power, lice, crabs, etc。
The use of igunicillin a, iketone tritium, curvature, etc. Has been recommended for the prevention and control of vulcanism and rice plague。
Combat weeds and recommend the use of beryllium b, dichlor, etc。
V. Access
Rice is harvested in a timely manner when it enters the precipice period, when the grain is hard, when the crust is yellow and when it presents the intrinsic characteristics of various varieties. Cleaning, drying, etc., is performed in a timely manner after the harvest has been removed from the graft to prevent mold。
Agricultural technology extension station, sadayama city
Produced by new zealand agricultural and trade corporation, sadak hill
May 2000
