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1 reproduction methods
The techniques used to reproduce the hazelnuts are divided into three types of breeding, seed breeding and tissue culture. Organizational development is difficult to scale up because of high equipment and technology; seed breeding is low due to low seeding rates and long seeding periods, with only subterranean tubers reproduction does not meet the requirements of production before it is applied; in general, seedlings tend to be grown in the form of detached reproduction. Locally appropriate combinations of seedlings with the scale of production are selected to meet production needs。
1. 1-species reproduction
Each november, when the upper part of the ground begins to decay, it is combined with the removal of dead leaves and weeds from the top of the ground, covering about 3 cm of corroded manure, grasswood ash and mud for winter at a ratio of 4:1 :5. In march of each year, when the subterranean tubers begin to sprouts, they dig up the subterranean troughs and plant them into two to three sprouts of seedlings。
1. 2 seed reproduction
In october-november each year, when seeds in fruitballs mature in black, they are brought back to the room to store them in a dry sun. By mid-march of the following year, seeding takes place in advance of 1 to 2 d and is due to be broadcast after immersed in water. The seeding is made of dry slopes or paddy fields, which are more humid but not watered, more fertile, deeper and loosely structured. The first three to five d of the seeding, combined with the deep-turning of manure manure in the decomposition of 1,500 kg/667m2, is used as base manure, which is broken into a micro-bow-bed with a chain of ditches of 1. 3 to 1. 4 m wide, is wetted with manure of 400 to 500 kg/667m2 or a swamp of 600 to 700 kg/667m2, which, when dryed, will be spread evenly to the sapling bed with the seed of fine mud (sand), which will then be mixed with fine-coated manure fatting of fine-coated, grasswood ash and mud at a ratio of 3,32/2. 5 cm, and can also be sown in a ditch of about 8-10 cm between the scavenger beds. Drought-proofing should be done in accordance with weather conditions; weeding should be done in due course because of the long planting of seedlings; and once a seedling is grown up to 3 to 4 cm, it can be fed once with 5 per cent of thin human urine or 10 per cent of marsh water, and it can rise up to 6 to 10 cm。
2 plot selection
Despite their wildness and vitality, they are more well grown by cooler, more fertile, deep-dwelling, soil-dwelling plots based on natural wild growth. In order to achieve higher yields and benefits, the choice of drought-prone areas, poorly drained water, shallow earth floors, infertile and over-heavy plots should be chosen, with easy drainage or easily improved water facilities, deep ground, fertile capacity, soil insularity, some vegetation cover, cooler slopes, dry lands, hillside fields and long plots. In the case of strong-silent plots, appropriate shades of the sun should be taken in the summer autumn, or in the case of large-scale planting. Vegetable or forest-coated farming may also be carried out on the basis of the growth habits of the less obstinate, gland and humid environments. In order to ensure product quality, it is appropriate to select areas or plots where natural vegetation is well protected, water and air clean and far from sources of pollution。
3 whole-field planting
Different types of cropping land are subject to different methods. While growing on the slopes and forested areas, the mountains should be ploughed before winter, with bamboo and large weeds first. After drying and burning, the planting ground will be reduced to 30 to 40 cm, the roots, bamboo whips, stones, steep slopes, narrow slopes, and the slopes will be wide enough to form 1. 5 to 3 m of a horizontal planting belt, which will be fertilized once the soil is fertilized in winter. In march, plots of various types were planted before the planting of 3-5 d., depending on the soil's basic fertility, in combination with a depth of 1,500 to 2000 kg per 667 m2 applied manure, or 2,500 to 3,000 kg consumed by fungi waste rods; or two fertilized ditches of approximately 20 cm deep, or 250 kg per 667 m2 fertilized manure or 250 kg per pie, or 100 to 125 kg complex fertilized by organic weight of 300 ~ 350 kg or triad. Digging about 5 to 7 cm of shallow caves at a distance of 45 cm x 25 to 30 cm, applying about 0. 25 kg/cave of decomposed manure, or fermented bread fat 50 g/cave, or a compound of three centimetres of manure 25 to 30 g/caves, then planting seedlings into the cave. Or plant seedlings at a range of 45 cm by 25 to 30 cm, using 10 per cent of thin human urine or 20 per cent of a swamp to meet the nutrient needs of the seeding season and to survive with roots。
4 field administration
4. 1 cropping
A seedling plant was planted in the spring when it produced a seedling of up to 10 cm, and a fertiliser was used to clear a ditch; a fertilizer was used in the same year, after 10-15 d of life, for the first fertilisation, and then three to four times, depending on the growth of the weed or the combination of fertilization. Those who have been left to plant seedlings or to plant a plant, after a part of the land has been lost in november-december, a mid-cruise planting exercise was carried out in conjunction with the application of the winter base fertilizer in order to facilitate the safe passage of the winter and the cultivation of the sprouts。
4. 2 fertilizer water management
Strengthening the management of fertilizers is an important guarantee of high productivity for the hyena. In principle, three to four times a year is applied in accordance with the pattern of demand for nutrients for hysteria growth. When a seedling is around 10 cm in length, it is fertilized with manure from 1000 to 1500 kg/667m2, or with human urine from 1500 to 2000 kg/677m2, or with mosaic from 2000 kg/667m2, or with commercial organic fattening from 300 to 350 kg/667m2 ditches or caves; when 10 to 15d of the plant is alive, it is fertilized with manure from 500 to 750 kg/667m2, or with mosaics from 1000 kg/667m2 in mid-june, with a 3rd fertilizer from 667 m2 to 125 kg/667m2, or with mosace from moth 750 to 100 kg/6667m2 plus sulphate; and bacterated with bacterium from 6700 to 600 years in 1 year, a combined with bacteric acid from 607 m2 to 600 years. The aridity or impregnation of the soil environment, which has an adverse impact not only on yields but also on product quality. Therefore, in the production process, drought-resistant seedlings and water drainage should be protected in a timely manner, in accordance with the geographical location of the plantation and weather conditions, in order to keep the soil wet so as to facilitate the growth and growth of the plant to produce high yields。
4. 3 temperature control
In order to increase the temperature of the early spring, it is possible to protect the temperature by covering the membrane and building the accelerator, so as to promote early birth and rapid hair, with a view to extending growth or early harvest. In times of high summer and autumn temperatures, especially when planted in sufficient light, the haze shall be built with shades covered with sunnets or shrubs or tree branches, so as to help to cool them as far as possible。
4. 4 pest management
Pyramids are relatively adaptive in living areas, with strains having a unique odour and some deworming effects, and pests and insects are generally rare in natural wildlife. When artificially grown, there is a tendency to have a homogeneity index, due to differences in the growing environment, and occasional pests and insects, such as rot, deadness, leopardism, iron leaf disease, aphids, gold turtles, ginger butterflies, etc. In order to improve the quality safety of gill products, the control of pests and diseases is more stringent. Prevention and control measures: selection of suitable plots of cultivation; rational seeding to improve biological diversity within the country; rational rotation, four to five years after planting, with non-gang and tubers to reduce the accumulation of pests; sanitary practices in the fields to reduce the base number of diseases; improved production conditions, enhanced management of fertilizers, increased application of organic fertilizers, weighting of the base fertility of fertile soil; control of nitrogen fertilizer, application of phosphorus, potassium fertilizer, balanced nutrient supply; anti-drying, promotion of healthy growth of plants; sexual seduction, plastering, sugar vines; detection of the timely removal of the central strain, burning outside the garden, and eradication of plaster around the strain; enhancement of pest investigation, control of the movement of pests, promotion of the use of leachate such as teasees, smokers, alumnes, yellow sluice, etc., in the prevention and control of disease, and prevention of loss of yield and of the quality of the disease。
5 harvest processing
The platinum is available for both uses, and the methods used to process the harvest vary depending on the location and use of the harvest. Feeding can be done in the spring, in the summer, in the bud, in the autumn, and in the autumn and winter, with the roots of the ground being dug into a variety of dishes; and in the end of spring, with fresh plants, either alone or in the morning, more in the evening and in the autumn, with all the roots, leaves and dry bags to be prepared or sold。
Zhejiang province
