Origin of species
The name of the tomato, diospyros, is taken from ancient greek, where “dias” is for “zeus” or “god”, while “pyros” means “grain” or “wheat”. The exact translation of this name can be understood as “the fruit of god” or “the grain of zeus”, but it is more often translated as a beautiful and sacred fruit。
In china, there are wild and semi-field tomatoes in mountain forests in zhejiang, jiangsu, hunan, hubei, sichuan, yunnan, guizhou, guangdong and fujian provinces. In shandong province, fresh-born tomatoes have been found in mount wang, with smaller sideal fork angles, similar to the leaves in the base of the “tomato” fruit branch in modern plant varieties. There were tomatoes in china 2. 5 million years ago. Based on a factual extrapolation of the tomato cultivation found in japan and korea, it originated in the yellow river basin, but after the glacier period, cultivation originated in the yangtze basin for unknown reasons。
According to the literature, the sentence “stomology” was documented in the "death of the forest" (120-118 b. C.), which was written more than 2000 years ago. As a result, tomatoes have been cultivated in hanyu and have been in existence for over 2000 years. Also, according to the book on food, written by the children of the time of war, there is also a record of fruit such as "the quakes of plum plum plum plum plum plum pear", which leads to the assumption that the tomato tree can be known for 2,500 to 3,000 years in china's history. It is also recorded in the past 2000 years. This is also the case in the qimin mission, as described in the nandu grant of the han dynasty (78-139 a. D.) which states: “there are cherry, plum and tomatoes ...”。
As a fruit tree, the fossils of tomatoes emerged in china as early as 2. 5 million years ago, using at least 2,400 years of cultivation history. Before tang dynasty, there were nearly a thousand plant varieties, with genetic diversity and greater biological diversity in terms of plant or biological characteristics。
The formation of tomatoes
Initially, the tomatoes were in a state of wildness, productive and self-destructive. During the han jin era (206 b. C. - 386) when people saw tomatoes matured when they were collecting them in the field, they made their way to the emperor as a strange flower, or gave gifts to dignitaries and planted them in the garden in very small numbers, and people referred to them as tomatoes, tomatoes and even species only because of their origin or colour. In diospyros oleifera cheng, pan-yu described the tomato as a tomato, explaining it as a small, poor-quality tomato, by (ming) lee su-jin, as well as diospyros ltus l., as guo yi-kyu treated it as a tomato, saying: “the small are like almonds and soft dates, and taste like tomatoes. "the sun rises and soft dates are thick and thick." in north and south korea (387-618 a. D.), with the invention of decoupling techniques, tomatoes are grown as fruit trees, growing areas of cultivation, separation of genetic properties, and with the invention of matrimony techniques, the selection of mutated genders has stabilized, creating many groups of different sexual groups, which are named, according to their characteristics or origin, as the primary species. Since tang song (619-1234), there have been many separate groups, which have been named according to their most prominent characteristics, and the variety has emerged. China’s first literature on the variety of tomatoes is the geography of the tang book, which is named by shape and size “... The tomatoes have several kinds, like cattle, like eggs, and like deer hearts.” (song) so song writes by colour: “toms are all in north and south, and they are in many species, and they are all in all places; the tomatoes are in all states; and the tomatoes come out of mountains, like tomatoes, which are round and small, thin, cute, and tasted better. Zirconium, chrysanthemum, chrysanthemum."
Since then, the variety of tomatoes has continued to emerge, and in the era of yuan mingqing (1234-1911), thanks to the food-for-food role of tomatoes, there have been a large number of species recorded as indigenous products in local territories, with more than 900 in the 1960s and 1970s。
Since then, as the area under cultivation has increased, the number of selected varieties has increased significantly, as has the documentation of the variety. The names of the varieties of tomatoes are described in the " scrambling of the scrambles " , the " acronym of the school " , and in local literature. More than 74 varieties of tomatoes have not been fully counted, namely: oxen, tomatoes, tomatoes, tomatoes, tomatoes, tomatoes, tomatoes, tomatoes, tomatoes, tomatoes, tomatoes, tomatoes, tomatoes, tomatoes, tomatoes, tomatoes, tomato-free, tomatoes, tomatoes, tomatoes, tomatoes, tomatoes, tomatoes, tomatoes, tomatoes, tomatoes, tomatoes, tomatoes, tomatoes, tomatoes, tomatoes, tomatoes, tomatoes, tomatoes, tomatoes, tomatoes, tomatoes, tomatoes, tomatoes, tomatoes, tomatoes, tomatoes, tomatoes, tomatoes, tomatoes, tomatoes, tomatoes, tomatoes, tomatoes, tomatoes, tomatoes, tomatoes, tomatoes, tomatoes, tomatoes, tomatoes, tomatoes, tomatoes, tomatoes, tomatoes, tomatoes, tomatoes, tomatoes, tomatoes, tomatoes, tomatoes, tomatoes, tomatoes, tomatoes, tomatoes。
According to incomplete data from local resource surveys, there are currently 963 varieties in china, which vary in size, shape, colour, sweetness, taste, ease, abundance and resistance. However, there are many homogenous or homogenous phenomena due to different naming methods。
Outside china, represented by japan, the varieties of tomatoes also emerged as an expansion of fruit tree cultivation. In japan during the year of yenjing (901-921 a. D.), tomatoes were treated as a rare fruit, with small-scale cultivation, but they were not identified as species. It was not until 1214 a. D. That the name of the variety emerged after the discovery of the wang zhenjiang temple in yanagawa. By 1645 a. D. (2 years) the name of the tomato species was first seen in a large number of herbs in the song river, such as in the mountains, in woodwork, in the mountains, in the sun, in the sun, in the sun, in the sun, in the sun, in the sun, in the sea, in the sea, in the sea, in the sea, in the sea, in the sea, in the sea, in the sea, in the sea, in the sea, in the sea, in the sea。
The formation and evolution of flowers
The tomatoes are fully flowered by a condensed branch, which is then divided into female and male. This pattern can be inferred from the return of some species. Whether it's tortoises, slices, florists, male and female, they can find traces of changes in leaves. The bellies are particularly large, some as big as the blades of a branch; the honey cans are partially or entirely greened, some of the urchins become flowered and even partially green; and the southern urchins occasionally have green vertical stripes on the side of mature outcomes. These reflect, to varying degrees, the nature of the leaves, and it can be inferred that the flowers have evolved from a trough。
The cleavage of tomatoes is a small chute of three small flowers, with female bouquets on both sides of the budding process, where the bouquets on both sides are suspended (the individual species have fully developed side flowers), where the raisins of the leaves often see traces of drying, where the bouquets are normal, and where the bouquets form large bouquets; in the bouquets of the male bouquet, both the central and the two bouquets are properly developed, and the bouquets are divided, so they remain in the bouquet. There are varying degrees of degradation of female femininity, either with filaments or with free drugs or with non-pollow pollen, and it is also possible to discover individual normal pollen, which can be divided into female and female species. There are also varying degrees of degeneration of female females in males, some of which have disappeared, some of which have only the prototype of a sub-house, some of which have a luminum, some of which have a column, some of which are non-post, and others which are intact and not degraded。
Evolution of pollination properties
In the long-term planting process, some varieties have changed, male hormones have increased in the sub-house, the sub-rooms can expand into non-nucleus-free fruits without insinuation, and have monolithic capacity, such as non-nucleotide, grinding tomatoes, and oxen persimmons in the prefecture, as well as a few varieties, such as tomatoes, chickens with yellow heart, and eight tomatoes, which have the capacity to pollinate white flowers。
